2008-08-012024-05-17https://scholars.lib.ntu.edu.tw/handle/123456789/686396摘要：本研究計畫的主要目的，在於透過近現代（Early Modern）歐洲鍊金術的觀點，來 重新解讀十七世紀女作家瑪格麗特．柯芬蒂詩（Margaret Cavendish, Duchess of Newcastle）的作品。近來柯芬蒂詩的著作逐漸獲得學者的重視，研究的文本也從《逸樂 修院》（The Convent of Pleasure）和《炫麗異世界》（The Blazing World）等主要著作延 伸到更多不同的文類，研究主題則大多偏向性別、政治等議題，對於柯芬蒂詩作品中的 形而上思想，目前學界則尚未有長篇論著發表；而其科哲學論述往往造成現代學者在解 讀上的困難，不知該從何詮釋當中多元的意象與觀點。有鑑於此，本研究試圖從十七世 紀鍊金圖像和論述出發，探究柯芬蒂詩文本當中的宇宙觀與玄學思想。本研究的重點議 題有二： (一) 柯芬蒂詩與當代鍊金思想、著作之關係：如鍊金術如何介入當代政治論述和烏 托邦文學，以及十七世紀英國與歐陸女性知識份子參與鍊金論述的概況； (二) 柯芬蒂詩著作當中對於鍊金術與鍊金意象的討論與呈現，特別是合一思想（The One），重點在於柯芬蒂詩作品與當代論述的互文性。 本計畫的研究方法主要有：跨文本、跨領域(如文學、文化、藝術、歷史等研究領 域)，以及比較文學等。在文本的選擇方面，主要的研究範疇包括：  柯芬蒂詩的科哲文學著作；  當代合一思想相關論述；  當代鍊金術圖像與文本；  當代女性參與及書寫鍊金術的相關文獻。 在計畫內容及時程方面，本研究在第一年（2008 年8 月1 日- 2009 年7 月31 日） 的研究主題為「柯芬蒂詩與當代鍊金思想著作之關係」，此部分之研究成果將成為本計 畫之論證基礎。在本期計畫中，本人將透過當代鍊金思想的脈絡與相關文獻，來重新定 位柯芬蒂詩的作品。在第二年（2009 年8 月1 日- 2010 年7 月31 日）的計畫中，研究 主題為「鍊金思想於柯芬蒂詩文本當中的再現」。而在本計畫中，本人將視角從性別擴 大到更廣泛的議題，特別是鍊金思想當中「合一」的宇宙觀和alchemical hermaphrodite 等觀念，希望能夠深入分析柯芬蒂詩著作中的鍊金論述。 誠如學者Stanton J. Linden 在Darke Hierogliphicks 一書中所言：「鍊金術對於英國 中古文學和十六、十七文學的影響，可說是既廣泛又深遠。」（Linden 1996: 297）本研 究奠基於Linden 的論點，以鍊金術的觀點來解讀柯芬蒂詩的作品，期望能為文藝復興 到啟蒙時代的文學相關研究開拓嶄新的契機。<br> Abstract: The proposed study aims to re-evaluate writings by Margaret Cavendish, Duchess of Newcastle (1624?-1673) through the perspective of early modern alchemy. Her works have attracted much scholarly attention in recent years. Apart from major texts such as The Convent of Pleasure (1662) and The Blazing World (1666), more diverse and minor texts are being rediscovered and researched, with an emphasis on gender and politics. However, there has been virtually no substantial book-length study of esotericism in her oeuvre. In addition, the multiple images and perspectives presented in her scientific and philosophical texts appear to puzzle scholars in the twentieth and the twenty-first centuries, causing difficulties in interpretation. Given this backdrop, this project is intended to explore Cavendish’s texts in the context of seventeenth-century alchemical imagery and discourses, with special references to her views on the cosmos and metaphysical ideas. It will cover the following two main issues: (1) Cavendish and contemporary alchemy: the study will associate alchemy with contemporary political discourses and Utopian literature; it will also investigate the ways in which seventeenth-century female scholars and writers in England and Europe participated in alchemical discussions; (2) Alchemical discourses and imagery in Cavendish’s writings, especially the idea of ‘The One’ (unity), with a focus onintertextuality between her texts and contemporary writings. The research methods to be applied in this project include, but not limited to: intertextual study, cross-disciplinary research (especially literature, culture, art, and history), and comparative study. Accordingly, texts of the following themes will be selected:  Scientific, philosophical, and literary texts by Margaret Cavendish;  Contemporary texts regarding the idea of ‘The One’;  Contemporary alchemical texts, images, and emblems;  Texts and historical records regarding contemporary women’s participation in alchemy and relevant debates. Concerning the content and the schedule of the proposed study, research in the first year (August 1, 2008 –July 31, 2009) will focus primarily on the position of Cavendish and her texts in contemporary alchemical thoughts and writings. Results of this study will form the theoretical foundation of the whole project. During this period of research, texts by the Duchess of Newcastle will be investigated along with contemporary alchemical texts and imagery. Study in the second year (August 1, 2009 –July 31, 2010) will address the issue of representations of alchemy in Cavendish’s writings. At this stage, the topic for discussion will shift from gender to a broader theme in alchemy, particularly the ideas of ‘The One’ and ‘alchemical hermaphrodite’. It is hoped that the context of contemporary alchemy will help in shaping a more thorough reading of the Duchess’s oeuvre. In Darke Hierogliphicks, Stanton J. Linden highlights the importance of alchemy by saying: ‘[A]lchemy’s influence in English literature of the Middle Ages and sixteenth and seventeenth centuries was extensive and profound.’ (Linden 1996: 297). Building on Linden’s cogent argument, this study will examine Cavendish’s works from the alchemical perspective, and contribute to early modern literary studies by formulating a profound critical approach.瑪格麗特．柯芬蒂詩鍊金術近現代(十七世紀)英國文學Margaret CavendishalchemyEarly Modern (Seventeenth Century)English Literature