Chang, Ju-ChiJu-ChiChangChang, YuntsuiYuntsuiChangSHANG-HSIEN HSIEH2026-01-082026-01-082025978988789187127104257https://www.scopus.com/record/display.uri?eid=2-s2.0-105023402257&origin=resultslisthttps://scholars.lib.ntu.edu.tw/handle/123456789/735137Buildings account for 39% of global energy-related carbon emissions: 28% from operational emissions and 11% from materials and construction. Hence, decarbonizing the building sector becomes an urgent task worldwide. Adopting low-carbon building design is critical, and digital tools enable effective design and review processes. Parametric modeling allows designers to explore a broader design room for optimal decision-making rapidly. This study aims to explore and compare the existing building energy simulation tools for parametric modeling based on various features, including their simulation results, data outputs, data inputs, and computation resources. We analyzed 27 building archetypes in Taipei, Taiwan, comparing the effectiveness of various energy-saving strategies over each building's lifecycle to offer optimal solutions. Using energy analysis tools like HoneyBee in Rhino Grasshopper and Insight in Revit, we tested design parameters and compared energy-saving performances with existing literature. The simulation results indicate that the windows-related strategies have higher energy-saving potentials than others. The HoneyBee simulation results of different scenarios on different building archetypes tend to show higher consistency.falseBuilding Energy SimulationDecarbonizing Building StocksEnergy-Efficient Building DesignParametric Modeling[SDGs]SDG7conference paper10.52842/conf.caadria.2025.4.1512-s2.0-105023402257