林俊宏臺灣大學:生化科學研究所廖敬倫Liao, Ching-LunChing-LunLiao2007-11-262018-07-062007-11-262018-07-062007http://ntur.lib.ntu.edu.tw//handle/246246/52770自然殺手T (NKT) 細胞是會同時表現T細胞受器及自然殺手細胞標記的一種T淋巴細胞。NKT細胞藉由非典型主要組織相容複合體 (MHC) I分子:CD1d 辨識醣脂質抗原。目前已知人類或是老鼠CD1d所呈獻的醣脂質之中,α-半乳糖苷神經醯胺 (α-GalCer) 具有最強的免疫刺激活性。α-GalCer是由海棉中的天然物加以衍生而來的分子,早期發現其具有抗癌活性。在後來的研究中指出α-GalCer可以與CD1d結合,藉由T細胞受器刺激NKT細胞,進而釋放出會產生TH1或TH2免疫反應的細胞激素,例如干擾素-γ (IFN-γ) 或間白素-4 ( IL-4)。 修飾α-GalCer的結構可能會導致刺激活性的改變,或是使細胞激素的釋放產生變化。許多報導已經描述了α-GalCer被NKT細胞辨視所需要的結構特徵,而在這些研究當中,卻鮮少有人去探討醣基構形對於活性的影響。在此,我們設計及合成了一系列含限制構形的α-GalCer類似物,並且以不同的脂肪醯鏈加以修飾。在醣化反應的關鍵步驟中,則使用exo-glycals 化學提供高度的立體選擇性。我們也藉由測試細胞激素的釋放以探討這些分子是否具有刺激NKT 細胞的能力。Natural killer T (NKT) cells are a novel subset of T cells that express both T-cell and natural killer (NK)-cell markers. NKT cells recognize non-classical MHC class I molecule CD1d in conjunction with glycolipid antigens. Among the reported glycolipids presented by human or mouse CD1d, α-galactosylceramide (α-GalCer) shows the highest immune-stimulatory activities. α-GalCer is derived from a marine sponge natural product and has been shown to possess antitumor activity. Further studies indicate that α-GalCer can bind to CD1d and activate NKT cells through T cell receptor (TCR) recognition to produce T helper 1 (TH1) and T helper 2 (TH2) cytokines, such as interferon-γ (IFN-γ) and interleukin-4 (IL-4), respectively. Modification of α-GalCer may alter the level of stimulatory activity and/or switch the cytokine pattern released by NKT cells. Several reports have described the structural requirement for α-GalCer recognition by CD1d-restricted NKT cells, but few of them studied the effect of sugar conformation. Herein we designed and synthesized conformationally constrained α-GalCer analogues with different fatty acyl chains. The key step employs the glycosylation of exo-glycals, offering the advantage of exclusive stereoselectivity. We also evaluated their ability to activate mouse NKT cells by measuring cytokine release profiles.口試委員會審定書………………………………………………… i 謝誌………………………………………………………………… ii 中文摘要……………………………………………………………viii 英文摘要…………………………………………………………… ix 縮寫對照表………………………………………………………… x 中英對照表………………………………………………………… xii 第一章 緒論………………………………………………………… 1 1-1 自然殺手T細胞………………………………………………… 1 1-2 自然殺手T細胞的生理功能…………………………………… 3 1-3 α-半乳糖苷神經醯胺………………………………………… 4 1-4 α-GalCer之結構探討與歷史回顧…………………………… 5 1-5 合成α-GalCer及其類似物的關鍵步驟……………………… 11 1-6 exo-Glycals……………………………………………………12 1-7 研究目標……………………………………………………… 13 第二章 結果與討論…………………………………………………15 2-1 合成策略……………………………………………………… 15 2-2 製備起始物exo-glycal……………………………………… 16 2-3 合成含限制構形之α-GalCer類似物7……………………… 17 2-4 化合物7之構形鑑定……………………………………………21 2-5 合成起始物植物神經鞘氨醇6…………………………………27 2-6 合成含限制構形之α-GalCer類似物1…………………………29 2-7 生物活性測試………………………………………………… 31 2-8 總結…………………………………………………………… 33 第三章 實驗部分……………………………………………………35 3-1 試劑和實驗儀器……………………………………………… 35 3-2 化學合成步驟及光譜數據…………………………………… 37 3-3 生物活性測試方法…………………………………………… 64 第四章 參考文獻及資料……………………………………………67 附錄……………………………………………………………………736517429 bytesapplication/pdfen-USα-半乳糖神經醯胺自然殺手T細胞限制構形α-GalactosylceramideNatural Killer T CellsConformationally Constrained[SDGs]SDG14利用exo-Glycal化學合成含限制構形α-半乳糖神經醯胺 類似物並且探討其對於自然殺手T細胞之生物活性Synthesis of Conformationally Constrained α-Galactosylceramide Analogues by exo-Glycal Chemistry and Evaluation of Biological Activity on Natural Killer T Cellsotherhttp://ntur.lib.ntu.edu.tw/bitstream/246246/52770/1/ntu-96-R94b46034-1.pdf