蘇怡寧臺灣大學:分子醫學研究所張千慧Chang, Chien-HuiChien-HuiChang2010-05-042018-07-092010-05-042018-07-092007U0001-2812200714140900http://ntur.lib.ntu.edu.tw//handle/246246/178634馬凡氏症是一種自體顯性遺傳疾病,是由於連接組織出問題所導致,其中主要可分為三大類:骨骼,眼睛,以及心臟血液系統等。依國外統計數據,其發生率約每五千人就會有一人是馬凡氏症的患者(1/5,000 ~ 1/20,000),目前已知大多數的患者是由於FBN1基因(Fibrillin gene)突變所導致,此基因位於染色體15q21.1的位子,於1991年被定位出來;而少數的患者則是由於TGFBR2基因(Transforming growth factor-β 2 receptor gene)突變所導致,此基因是於2004年才被定位出來的,位於染色體3p24.1的位子,命名為馬凡氏症第二型基因。論文所提出的方法是利用聚合酶連鎖反應(PCR)加上DNA片段突變分析儀(DHPLC)來建立快速且可信的台灣人馬凡氏症的檢測平台同時建立台灣人的馬凡氏症突變點位(mutation site)和多型性點位(polymorphism site)的資料庫。在此研究中,將DNA的來源分成兩部分,一部分是有家族史的個案,共有22個家族,另一部分是偶發性的個案,共有43個個案;結果顯示,若DNA片段突變分析儀(DHPLC)有偵測到的個案,再使用定序(Sequence)方法確認,皆可得到同樣的結果;對於點突變的檢測而言,有家族史的檢測率是77.3%,沒有家族史的檢測率是32.6%。較於傳統的基因突變檢測方法,例如:Single Strand Conformation polymorphism(SSCP)或是直接定序(Sequence),在此篇論文當中所提及到的結合聚合酶連鎖反應(PCR)加上DNA片段突變分析儀(DHPLC)不僅可提供一種高效率、高準確率、高可信度、又可節省金費的技術平台,並可同時建立台灣人馬凡氏症的基因資料庫,由於此基因相當大,共有65 exons,若有資料庫可供人參考,便可將所節省的時間用於其他更需要的地方。Marfan syndrome (MFS) is an autosomal dominant disorder of connective tissue, and its cardinal manifestations involve the skeletal, ocular, and cardiovascular systems. According to the statistical series, its prevalence is between 1/5,000 ~ 1/20,000. We now know that MFS was caused by mutations of FBN1 (Fibrillin gene) at 15q21.1 was reported in 1991. Less frequently, MFS was caused by mutations of TGFBR2 (Transforming growth factor-β 2 receptor gene)at 3p24.1 was reported in 2004. This is named Marfan syndrome type II. In the thesis, we established a rapid and reliable detection system of genetic diagnosis and we constructed database including mutation site and polymorphism site for the Taiwanese patient with Marfan syndrome by using PCR/DHPLC assay. In this study, we decided the original DNA into two groups; one group had family history, including 22 families, and the other group did not have family history, including 43 cases. The result revealed that the data of DHPLC who compatible with the data of sequence, and the mutation detection rate of the cases with family history was 77.3%, and the mutation detection rate of the cases without family history was 32.6%. Comparing with the traditional technology of genetic diagnosis, for example, single strand conformation polymorphism(SSCP)or direct sequence, we demonstrated that the PCR/DHPLC assay was not only an efficient, accurate, reliable, and saving-money technique for the gene diagnosis but also set up the Taiwanese database of the Marfan syndrome to help people who work for the gene testing of FBN1 to saving money and valuable time .圖目錄-----------------------------------------------------------------VIII目錄------------------------------------------------------------------IX文摘要----------------------------------------------------------------X文摘要----------------------------------------------------------------XI、緒論------------------------------------------------------------------1-1 『馬凡氏症』的由來----------------------------------------------------------1-2 馬凡氏症之簡介-------------------------------------------------------------1-2-1 馬凡氏症之相關基因----------------------------------------------1-2-2 FBN1基因和TGFBR2基因之間相互關係--------------------2-2-3 FBN1基因的診斷率-----------------------------------------------2-3 馬凡氏症之臨床病徵-------------------------------------------------------2-4 馬凡氏症之診斷方法與臨床運用----------------------------------------2-4-1 聚合酶連鎖反應(PCR)之原理-----------------------------------3-4-2 DNA片段突變分析儀(DHPLC)之原理-----------------------4-4-3 高分辨率熔解曲線 (High Resolution Melting, HRM) 之原理6-5 研究動機與方向-------------------------------------------------------------6、 實驗材料與儀器--------------------------------------------------7-1 實驗材料----------------------------------------------------------------------7-1-1 人類基因體DNA(Human Genomic DNA)-----------------7-1-2 引子對----------------------------------------------------------------7-1-3 聚合酶連鎖反應試劑----------------------------------------------7-1-4 跑膠所需的化學藥品----------------------------------------------7-1-5 DHPLC所需的化學藥品------------------------------------------8-1-6 HRM所需的化學藥品---------------------------------------------9-2 實驗儀器----------------------------------------------------------------------9、 實驗方法----------------------------------------------------------10-1 抽取DNA--------------------------------------------------------------------10-2 聚合酶連鎖反應(Polymerase Chain Reaction, PCR)----------------10-3 洋菜凝膠電泳(Agarose gel electrophoresis)--------------------------11-4 DNA片段突變分析儀(DHPLC)--------------------------------------11-5 高分辨率熔解曲線 (High Resolution Melting, HRM)---------------12-6 直接定序分析 (Direct DNA sequenceing)-----------------------------12、 結果----------------------------------------------------------------14-1 聚合酶連鎖反應(Polymerase Chain Reaction, PCR)結果----------14-2 DNA片段突變分析儀(DHPLC)結果---------------------------------14-3 高分辨率熔解曲線 (High Resolution Melting, HRM) 結果-------14-4 資料分析--------------------------------------------------------------------14、 討論----------------------------------------------------------------17-1 FBN1基因檢測率與文獻之比較----------------------------------------17-2 探討馬凡氏症臨床診斷之困難點---------------------------------------18-3 實驗之檢討------------------------------------------------------------------19-4 新研究平台之開發---------------------------------------------------------19、 結論----------------------------------------------------------------21、 參考文獻----------------------------------------------------------23目錄次一 Fibrillin-1 gene(FBN1)之作用-----------------------------------------27二 Fibrillin蛋白質控制TGF-β蛋白質之活化作用--------------------28三 DHPLC之原理-----------------------------------------------------------29四 HRM之原理-------------------------------------------------------------30五 HRM之流程-------------------------------------------------------------31六 DHPLC 分析結果之範例----------------------------------------------32七 HRM所分析出來的突變圖形與SNP圖形--------------------------33八 HRM所分析出來的不同點位之突變圖形--------------------------34九 FBN1 基因突變類型分佈表-------------------------------------------35目錄次一 Ghent 臨床診斷準則----------------------------------------------------36二 台灣人馬凡氏症臨床診斷準則----------------------------------------37三 聚合酶連鎖反應所需之引子對和 DHPLC 之沖提條件---------38四 PCR 之所需理想反應試劑條件--------------------------------------44五 PCR 之理想反應參數--------------------------------------------------45六 DHPLC 各緩衝溶液之組成成分-------------------------------------46七 DHPLC 之沖提條件----------------------------------------------------47八 有馬凡氏症家族史之個案表-------------------------------------------48九 沒有馬凡氏症家族史之個案表----------------------------------------53十 FBN1基因的突變點位--------------------------------------------------56十一 FBN1基因的多型性點位--------------------------------------------57十二 馬凡氏症臨床診斷準則----------------------------------------------58十三 馬凡氏症病患接受檢測同意書-------------------------------------60十四 馬凡氏症之鑑別診斷-------------------------------------------------64application/pdf1112728 bytesapplication/pdfen-US馬凡氏症變性高效能液相層析法Taiwanese Marfan SyndromeFBN1TGFBR2使用變性高效能液相層析法(DHPLC)來建立高效率的台灣人馬凡氏症基因突變分析方法以及資料庫Establishing a Highly Efficient Detection System of Genetic Diagnosis and the Practical Database for the Taiwanese Marfan Syndrome by using PCR/DHPLC Assayhttp://ntur.lib.ntu.edu.tw/bitstream/246246/178634/1/ntu-96-P94448011-1.pdf