國立臺灣大學昆蟲學系暨研究所楊平世2006-07-252018-06-292006-07-252018-06-292004http://ntur.lib.ntu.edu.tw//handle/246246/12600水棲昆蟲的群聚組成受到河川中各 種環境因素的影響，而在群聚結構的分析 上，現今以排序技術(ordination techniques) 最被廣為利用來評量群聚結構在時間及空 間上的變異，及探討環璄因子及干擾對於 物種分佈的影響。本研究自2003 年8 月起 以每季為頻度在基隆河主流及其支流，共 計15 個樣站，就環境因子及水棲昆蟲進行 調查與採樣。並應用多維空間尺度分析方 法(multi-dimensional scaling, MDS)，探討 水棲昆蟲群聚與環境因子梯度間之關係。 在環境因子的調查結果顯示，基隆河主流 已受到施工及污染等因子之影響，在電導 度、濁度、懸浮固體(suspended solids, SS) 及NH3-N 濃度在主流有較高的濃度，在支 流的水質狀況則較優於主流之樣站。本年 度目前共計採獲36 科63 個分類群。新紀 錄的分類群則主要來自於支流的樣站。各 群聚參數在支流的各採樣站，具有較高的 分類群豐度、密度與歧異度，顯示在基隆 河支流中蘊藏著豐富的水棲昆蟲資源。單 一的均勻度則不適用於群聚組成的評估。 各樣本在二維空間尺度上的分佈，顯示受 到污染、施工的影響的樣站，水棲昆蟲群 聚組成與其他各站有極大的差異。聚類分 析顯示主、支流樣站間群聚的相似性介於 40-50%。生物指標顯示各樣站的水質範圍 不同。在支流的指標值較主流良好，同時 主流自上游至下游則呈現劣化的趨勢。在 各樣站第二季的水質狀況亦較第一季佳。 由於未完成全年之採樣工作，後續有待分 析的工作包括各項生物群聚參數間及其與 環境參數之相關性、各樣站間的參數的差 異、主流與支流群聚結構組成之關鍵物種 等。在生物指標方面參考站(reference site) 的考量及利用新增的樣站所得資料，對水 棲昆蟲對污染忍受值的修訂工作為主要工 作。同時分析不同底質分層中所得到水棲 昆蟲，其結果顯示在群聚結構間呈現不同 的樣站排序；而在生物指標的評估結果， 兩者底質分層間仍呈現正相關，此一部分 仍有待進一步釐清。水棲甲蟲分類研究仍 以扁泥蟲科為重點， 已完成對 Mataeopsephus 屬的分類修訂，及描述 Heteropsephenoides 屬。The community structures of aquatic insects are affected by various disturbances in rivers. Ordination techniques are widely adopted in evaluating the temporal and spatial variations of community structures. This study present the results of aquatic insects fauna and related ecological studies conducted at 15 sampling sites in Keelung River and its tributaries since August 2003. The environmental factors and the aquatic insect composition were investigated to define the relationships between the community structures and environmental parameters using multi-dimensional scaling 3 (MDS). The results of environmental variables indicated that higher values in conductivity, turbidity, suspended solids and the concentration of NH3-N were found at sites in main streams. The water quality at tributary sites was better than at main stream sites. Sixty-three taxa in 36 families were recorded. Most of the newly recorded taxa were found at tributary sites. Higher values of taxa richness, density and diversity were also found at tributary sites. Evenness was not suitable for evaluating the community structures. The sampling sites which affected by pollution and engineer construction revealed different community structures from other sites on the 2-D dimensional scaling plot. The similarity of aquatic insect community structures between sites of main stream and tributaries were 40-50% in clustering analysis. Biotic indices showed better water qualities in tributaries than in the main stream. The water quality degraded from upstream to downstream in the main stream. The results in the second season showed better quality than in the first season. The further analysis, including the relationships between biotic parameters and environmental variables, the differences of variables between sampling sites, and the key species contributed to the differences of the community structures between the main stream and tributaries. The location of reference site and revision of the tolerance values of aquatic insects were major work in the study on aquatic insect biotic indices. In different substrate size level, the ordination plots of sampling sites showed different patterns, but positive correlation was found between values of family-level biotic index. The taxonomic studies of aquatic beetles focused on Psephenidae. Several papers on the revision of genus Mataeopsephus and the rediscription of Heteropsephenoides were completed and published.application/pdf262193 bytesapplication/pdfzh-TW國立臺灣大學昆蟲學系暨研究所基隆河水棲昆蟲多維空間尺度分析群聚結構生物指標扁泥蟲科分類學Keelung RiverAquatic insectsMultidimensional scalingCommunity structureBiotic indicesPsephenidaeTaxonomy[SDGs]SDG11reporthttp://ntur.lib.ntu.edu.tw/bitstream/246246/12600/1/922313B002067.pdf