Hsieh J.-W.Lan Y.-W.I-JONG WANGSun F.-J.2021-07-012021-07-0120101057-0829https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-77957554812&doi=10.1097%2fIJG.0b013e3181b6e5ea&partnerID=40&md5=281017e908c8e08af761fcc8bad8f828https://scholars.lib.ntu.edu.tw/handle/123456789/567304Purpose: To analyze the clinical characteristics and prognostic significance of disc hemorrhage in primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG), normal tension glaucoma (NTG), and primary angle-closure glaucoma (PACG). Methods: Records of patients with POAG, NTG, or PACG and a history of disc hemorrhage were collected for this retrospective, observational cohort study. Results: Of 1134 patients with POAG, 513 with NTG and 770 with PACG, 63 (5.6%), 36 (7.0%), and 44 (5.7%), respectively, had disc hemorrhage over a mean of 9 years of follow-up. There were no significant differences in the laterality, episodes, duration of hemorrhage, and frequency of recurrent hemorrhage among the 3 types. The intraocular pressure and cup-to-disc ratio did not differ significantly between eyes with and fellow eyes without hemorrhage. There was a significant association between disc hemorrhage and visual field progression [odds ratio: 2.78 (P=0.004), 3.75 (P=0.040), and 4.50 (P=0.011) for POAG, NTG, and PACG, respectively]. CONCLUSIONS: Normal tension glaucoma has the highest incidence of disc hemorrhage, followed by PACG and POAG, which have similar incidence. The clinical characteristics of hemorrhage are not different among 3 types of glaucoma. The presence of disc hemorrhage is associated with the progression of glaucomatous optic neuropathy and visual field defects in POAG, NTG, and PACG. Copyright ? 2010 by Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.cup-to-disc ratio; disc hemorrhage; poor prognostic sign; visual field[SDGs]SDG3adult; aged; article; clinical feature; closed angle glaucoma; cohort analysis; controlled study; disease course; disease duration; female; follow up; human; intraocular hemorrhage; major clinical study; male; open angle glaucoma; priority journal; prognosis; recurrent disease; visual field; Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Female; Glaucoma, Angle-Closure; Glaucoma, Open-Angle; Gonioscopy; Humans; Intraocular Pressure; Low Tension Glaucoma; Male; Middle Aged; Optic Disk; Perimetry; Prognosis; Retinal Hemorrhage; Retrospective Studies; Tonometry, Ocular; Visual Acuityjournal article10.1097/IJG.0b013e3181b6e5ea198552982-s2.0-77957554812