孫志鴻臺灣大學:地理環境資源學研究所徐葦莉Hsu, Wei-LIWei-LIHsu2010-05-052018-06-282010-05-052018-06-282008U0001-2907200811152200http://ntur.lib.ntu.edu.tw//handle/246246/179707隨著人口的增長與發展, 都市的土地利用變遷研究重要性也漸, 影響都市的因子除了自然環境條件與資源限制外, 還包括都市發展過程中各種社會經濟因素彼此互動的影響, 進而反應在地用及產業型態上, 塑造出不同的都市型態與空間結構。土地利用和交通模型約在1960 年代初具雛形, 但要到1990 年代後, 各種都市綜合模擬模型才開始蓬勃發展, 進年電腦科技的進步提供處理數量龐大的空間資料所需之空間分析、處理、計算、儲存等能力, 對土地利用變遷的空分析研究有相當大的幫助, 本研究比較近年數個都市模擬模型之優點後, 試選用Urbansim 模型應用在台北市地區。盛頓大學所發展的UrbanSim 都市模型,以動態不平衡 (dynamicisequilibrium) 為假設, 結合交通、土地利用、人口變遷、市場供需各種因子, 模擬都市的動態發展, 並從不同參與者的角度探討不同決策行為, 分析不同決策方案對都市產生的影響。本研究嘗試建立型之資料庫, 探討台北都會區之時空變化, 對台北都會區在在各種設與政策方案下的土地利用變遷過程有進一步的了解, 以提供相關劃與決策者參考之用。應用之成果在台北市整體部分模擬準確率約75%, 士林、大同、中正、松山可高達90%以上, 但北投、信義則別只有22%和45%, 推論與事件設定有關。模型結果在都市模擬上有應用價值, 可提供細部時空間的變化模擬資料, 供決策者使用,因資料量大且處理複雜, 未來建議配合更有效率的處理工具。According to the development of society and increasing population,he role land use change research played is getting much more important.xcept natural environment condition and resource constrains, there areome socioeconomics factors to interact with others to form the diversityf city pattern and spatial structure. The land use and transportationodel developed at 1960s and boomed at the later half of 1990s. In theecent, the improving computer science provides the analyzing, dealing,alculating, and storing abilities for a large number of spatial data. Itelps many researchers to develop the land use model. This studyompared some of recently urban simulation model and choose Urbansimodel to apply in Taipei city case study.he Urbansim model developed from Washington university researchroup is supposed as dynamic disequilibrium theory, witch combine withransportation, land use, population, and market factors to simulate theity development, discuss the decision behaviors of actors and analyzehe impact by different scenarios. This study tries to built up the databaseupport to Urbansim model, discuss the time-spatial transition of Taipeiity and provide information for decision makers. The accuracy of wholeity employer population is 75%, with 90% of Shih-lin, Ta-tung, Chung-cheng,ung-shan district, while only 22% in Pei-tou and 45% in Hsin-yi districtause of the user define event. The Urbansim model is meritorious inrban simulation in providing detail spatial data for the decision makers.t was commanded to collocate with efficiency tool to deal with abundantata the model need.誌謝.................................................................................................... I要................................................................................................... II文摘要........................................................................................... III目錄.............................................................................................. VII目錄............................................................................................... IX一章 緒論................................................................................... 1一節 研究動機......................................................................... 2二節 研究目的......................................................................... 4二章 文獻回顧........................................................................... 5一節 都市模型的回顧.............................................................. 5.1.1 都市模型的發展與簡介................................................... 6.1.2 都市模型的比較與分析................................................... 9.1.3 選用UrbanSim 的原因.................................................. 15二節 UrbanSim 模型的介紹.................................................... 17.2.1 模型假設與因子........................................................... 17.2.2 UrbanSim 之架構與子模型............................................ 22三節 UrbanSim 的應用實例.................................................... 28四節 小結.............................................................................. 32三章 研究方法與流程.............................................................. 33四章 模型應用與分析.............................................................. 35一節 資料蒐集....................................................................... 35二節 網格分派作業................................................................ 39三節 UrbanSim 系統操作........................................................ 43.3.1 基年資料之設置........................................................... 44.3.2 方案資料設置.............................................................. 52五章 結果與討論....................................................................... 55一節 初步結果....................................................................... 55二節 模型修正....................................................................... 67六章 結論與建議....................................................................... 72amp;#63851;考文獻......................................................................................................................... 752-1 供給與需求之均衡決定圖.................................................................................... 102-2 總效用及邊際效用曲線圖.................................................................................... 112-3 UrbanSim的動態交互影響................................................................................... 182-4 內外因子之交互影響與關聯................................................................................ 212-5 UrbanSim都市模擬系統之架構........................................................................... 232-6 美國MPO使用之都市模型分布(宮本和明等, 2006) .......................................... 282-7 1994 Eugene-Springfield地區的居住與非居住空間分布(Waddell, 2003).......... 292-8 1999 年和2015 年鳳凰城的家戶人口分布(Joshi et al, 2006) ............................ 303-1 研究流程圖............................................................................................................ 334-1 網格分派作業流程(李萬凱等, 2003) ................................................................... 364-3 Von Neumann 4 鄰近及擴充型............................................................................. 394-4 以Object-Oriented觀念為演算核心...................................................................... 404-5 模擬作業程序........................................................................................................ 444-6 my.scenario之設定................................................................................................. 535-1 Urbansim結果之視覺化展示(一) ......................................................................... 605-2 Urbansim結果之視覺化展示(二) ......................................................................... 605-3 1991-2001 年台北市就業人數變化之模擬值與實際值對照............................. 615-4 1991-2001 年台北市就業人數變化之模擬值與實際值對照............................. 615-5 模型分區準確率.................................................................................................... 635-6(A) 1994 年小尺度的網格模擬情況..................................................................... 655-6(B) 1999 年小尺度的網格模擬情況..................................................................... 655-6(C) 2004 年小尺度的網格模擬情況..................................................................... 665-6(D) 2009 年小尺度的網格模擬情況..................................................................... 665-7 各方案之模擬成果展示........................................................................................ 695-7(續) 各方案之模擬成果展示............................................................................ 706-1 各方案之精準度.................................................................................................... 732-1 比較五個近年來較常被使用的都市模擬模型.................................................... 132-2 影響都市發展的決策者與選擇行為.................................................................... 192-3 UrbanSim各模組依其發展理論分類表............................................................... 264-1 台北市土地使用分區管制規則............................................................................ 374-2 每年就業人口控制總量之產業別設定................................................................ 454-3 台北市土地使用分區管制規則有關建蔽率容積率庭院等規定一覽表............ 474-4 Urbansim土地使用分類與台北市土地使用分類對照表.................................... 495-1 1991、1996、2001 年之就業變化率................................................................... 625-2 1991、1996、2001 年之就業變化率................................................................... 645-3 各方案之就業模擬值............................................................................................ 685-4 各方案之與實際值對照之精準度........................................................................ 71application/pdf4716195 bytesapplication/pdfen-US都市模型Urbansim 網絡分派動態不均衡模擬多項邏輯特模型Urban simulation modelUrbansimgrid assignment dynamic disequilibriumMultinomial logit model[SDGs]SDG11[SDGs]SDG15試應用都市模擬模型Urbansim於台北市The Application of Urban Simulation Model Urbansim to Taipei Citythesishttp://ntur.lib.ntu.edu.tw/bitstream/246246/179707/1/ntu-97-R95228004-1.pdf