陳于高教授Chen, Yue-Gau臺灣大學:地質科學研究所陳雅雯Chen, Ya-WenYa-WenChen2010-05-112018-06-282010-05-112018-06-282008U0001-3007200803000100http://ntur.lib.ntu.edu.tw//handle/246246/182898近十數萬年只是地球歷史短暫而微不足道的ㄧ小段，但在人類的演化過程卻是輝煌且重要的ㄧ頁。倘若科學家期望可以預測未來，掌握過去的趨勢是ㄧ個重要的關鍵，因而亟需可靠的年代資料加以佐證。本研究將就近年來螢光定年法之應用結果與適用性進行深入的探討;經過反覆測試後證實，螢光定年法可提供確實的年代資料用以進行區域構造之詮釋；當沉積層序與年代架構(特別是螢光定年所提供的連續性年代)相互配合，更可協助我們了解某些鑽井位置下的調節空間，在西南海岸平原區所呈現的地質構造意義。本研究推斷，位於研究區域西南方的沈降中心，自晚更新世後仍舊持續提供空間來接受大量的沉積物堆積；而位於東北方沿著基底面滑移的構造抬升活動，在約十萬年前就已經開始向西推移了。這些重要的地質研究結果，在填補上年代資料後，便可由原本靜態的地質現象轉變為對地質活動的探討。此外，近年來為減低因地質構造活動對人類造成的生命財產損失，所有可應用之定年方法－特別是螢光定年法，均投入活動斷層之研究，期望能對已知之地質構造提供更詳細的研究與資訊。本研究將螢光定年法分別應用在車籠埔與九芎坑斷層上，期許所得之長期滑移速率與斷層型態，可提供斷層活動性與再發周期之必要訊息。最後，基於適當的實驗測試條件，並針對不同環境進行些微的調整後，我們確信螢光定年法已能夠成功的應用於台灣西部之第四紀研究中。A hundred thousand years is but a short period in the earth’s history; however, it is the most momentous period for human beings. If scientists would like to predict the future, learning the trend of the past is the key and reliable chronological data are needed. In this study, the feasibility and applicability of luminescence methods are presented. As results from multiple tests of such methods have so far been successful in interpreting regional tectonics, confidence is what we have. Sequence stratigraphy and continuous chronological framework, especially from the luminescence dating, are integrated to investigate the accommodation space for specific drill sites in the southwestern coastal plain of Taiwan. It is concluded that tectonic subsidence has been operating since very late Pleistocene with a depo-centre located further southwestwards. Also a tectonic uplift due to detachment westward migration has been proposed to have occurred after 100 ka. Furthermore, in order to diminish losses in an earthquake, multiple dating methods, in particular focusing on the luminescence dating method, are employed in the studies to explore the details of active faults. The Chiuchiungkeng Fault and Chelungpu Fault have both been tested in this study to deduce the long-term slip rate and fault behavior. With evidence from successful applications employing appropriate experimental testing criteria, with minor adjustments for different areas, we conclude that the luminescence dating method has passed the acceptance criteria for Quaternary research in western Taiwan.Table of Contentspprovalcknowledgementsbstractable of Contentsist of Figuresist of Tableshapter 1 Introduction 1.1 Background 4.2 Luminescence dating 6.3 Study overview 8hapter 2 Methodology 11.1 Luminescence mechanism 12.2 Experiment 14.2.1 Facilities 14.2.2 Sample preparation 14.3 Natural dose rate 17.3.1 Natural radioactivity 17.3.2 Annual dose 19.4 Luminescence measurement 20.4.1 Multiple-aliquot methods 20.4.2 Single-aliquot methods 22.5 Relevant aspects of young geological materials in Taiwan 24.6 Relevant aspects of old geological materials in Taiwan 26hapter 3 Application 1: Luminescence dating of neotectonic activity on the active structures in southwesterncoastal plain, Taiwan 30.1 Introduction 31.2 Sampling sites and experimental treatment 33.3 Luminescence characteristics 33.3.1 Preheat and cutheat plateaus 33.3.2 Growth curves 36.3.3 Thermal transfer and dose recovery tests 37.4 Luminescence ages and discussion 38.4.1 Dose rates and ages 38.4.2 Comparison with Stratigraphy 39.5 Conclusion 40hapter 4 Application 2: Using OSL dates of quartz and feldspar to unravel sediment accumulation rates in a tectonically active foreland basin, southwestern Taiwan 43.1 Introduction 45.2 Geological environment and lithostratigraphic correlation 47.3 Samples and analytical facilities 48.4 Dosimetry 50.4.1 Quartz 51.4.2 Feldspar 52.5 Luminescence characteristics of quartz 53.5.1 The selection of preheat temperature 54.5.2 Laboratory dose response curve 55.5.3 Quartz ages 56.6 Luminescence characteristic of potassium feldspar 56.6.1 Dose recovery 57.6.2 Laboratory dose response curve 58.6.3 Uncorrected potassium feldspar ages 59.7 Fading measurement 59.7.1 Potassium feldspar 60.7.2 Quartz 62.8 Multiple aliquots measurement of quartz 65.9 Residual dose in modern samples 66.10 Discussion 67.10.1 OSL date comparison of quartz and feldspar 67.10.2 Pleistocene high sediment accumulation rates and thrust front migration 68.10.3 The existence of EW trending active structure 69.11 Conclusions 70hapter 5 Application 3: Long-term crustal movement caused by the Chiuchiungkeng Fault in southwestern Taiwan: constraints from luminescence dating 72.1. Introduction 73.2. Sampling sites and experimental treatment 76.2.1. Geomorphological features 76.2.2. Depositional environment and stratigraphy 76.2.3 Dose rate determination 79.3 Luminescence characteristics 81.3.1 Preheat plateaus 81.3.2 Dose recovery tests 82.3.3 Growth curve shape 83.3.4 SARA OSL method 84.3.5 Multiple aliquots method 87.4 Discussion 88.4.1 Borehole stratigraphy and luminescence ages 88.4.2 Behaviour of the Chiuchiungkeng Fault 90.5 Conclusions 92hapter 6 Application 4: The applications of luminescence method on paleoseismology and long-term slip rates of the 1999 Chi-Chi earthquake fault 93.1 The advantage of OSL method 94.2 The problems encountered in post Chi-Chi studies 96.3 Study strategy 97.4 Bleaching effects: the constraint from modern fluvial sediments 99.5 Results 100.5.1 Long-term slip rate along the earthquake fault 100.5.2 Paleoseismic events identified at the Pineapple site 101.6 Summary 103hapter 7 Conclusions 104eferences 107application/pdf4242444 bytesapplication/pdfen-US螢光定年法第四紀台灣西部活動構造Luminescence DatingQuaternaryWestern TaiwanActive Structuresthesishttp://ntur.lib.ntu.edu.tw/bitstream/246246/182898/1/ntu-97-F90224212-1.pdf