張文亮Chang, Wen-lian臺灣大學:生物環境系統工程學研究所張初福Chang, Chu- FuChu- FuChang2010-05-052018-06-292010-05-052018-06-292009U0001-2407200913473700http://ntur.lib.ntu.edu.tw//handle/246246/181167摘 要研究以國內首座利用晴天牡礪殼礫間接觸工法處理污水，來進行水質處理及經費考量之間作一分析探討較佳之處理模式及相對較適當之處理金額。方法是首先以每天採水樣持續 8週，並完成BOD、SS、NH3+、TP，其中以BOD實驗為代表，以研究投入產出模式，並分成五種機制，接著利用模場建造金額作為投入總成本增加曲線模式，及因環境改善而受益之收益曲線，再接著以兩曲線所交而得之圖形藉以計算而得最適處理金額之理論函數，並藉經濟分析方法，求出最具效率之處理方式。本處理之理論函數，於二重疏洪道內崁頂溪旁，所設置之人工礫床試驗處理場為案例，探討不同特殊材質礫間接觸之工法特性、工程設計參數、水質處理成效以及設計注意事項等。該處理區面積約為1000平方公尺，分成五種處理機制，分別為水平流曝氣牡蠣殼槽、水平流礫石槽、水平流牡蠣殼槽、垂直流網袋牡蠣殼槽及垂直流散裝牡蠣殼槽，即以天然卵礫石及牡礪殼為材料，利用礫石等表面上之生物膜，將水中有機營養物質消耗與分解，即透過接觸沉澱、吸附、氧化分解等作用，以達淨化水質之功效。人工礫床之礫石及牡礪殼主要採人工堆疊排列。經近120天之運轉操作下，且每月定期排空清淤而可得到污水及其BOD、SS、NH3+、TP移除率，並藉以獲得處理金額之理論函數及經濟分析，以增礫間接觸工法之推廣實用性。Abstractn this study, the first use of domestic shell fine gravel Vitex contact polishing method disposal of sewage and water treatment systems and to consider funding for an analysis between the processing mode to explore better and more appropriate to deal with the relative amount. Is first of all to take water samples every day for 8 weeks, and complete the BOD, SS, NH3+, TP, which represented BOD experiment to study the input-output model, and divided into five kinds of mechanisms, and then use the amount of construction as a mode field increase in the total cost curve model, and because of environmental improvement and benefit of the yield curve, and then proceeded to cross the two curves obtained by the graphics processing to the amount calculated from the theory of optimal function, and by taking advantage of economic analysis, to derive the most efficient manner. Theory of the processing function, in the Double-guided flood water Watercourse Kanding stream within the set of artificial gravel-bed pilot treatment for cases of different inter-gravel contacts made of special materials of engineering properties and engineering design parameters, the effectiveness of water treatment as well as design attention to such matters. The treatment area of about 1000 square meters, divided into five processing mechanism, namely the level of flow aeration tank oyster shell, gravel trough level of flow, the level of flow trough oyster shell, oyster shell bag net vertical shafts and vertical-flow bulk oyster tank shell, that is, natural gravel and shell theory Vitex for materials, such as the use of gravel on the surface of the biofilm, the organic nutrients in water consumption and decomposition, that is, through exposure to precipitation, adsorption, oxidation, etc. in order to purify the water quality effectiveness. Artificial gravel bed of gravel and sandstone shell Vitex artificial stack with the main mining. After nearly 120 days of operation of operation, and a month and receive regular desilting emptying sewage and BOD, SS, NH3+, TP removal rates and the amount to be dealt with the theory of function and economic analysis, in order to enhance gravel method of contact to promote practical.圖 目 錄3.1 研究之場址: 台北縣五股鄉崁頂溪側高灘地(粉紅區塊)-----------143.2 牡蠣殼淨化場址污水處理流程圖-------------------------------153.3 處理單元設施流程圖-----------------------------------------293.4 入流井之BOD 值分布-----------------------------------------323.5 水平流曝氣牡礪殼槽之BOD值分布------------------------------323.6 水平流牡蠣殼槽總成本曲線圖---------------------------------393.7 水平流牡蠣殼槽總收益曲線圖---------------------------------393.8 水平流牡蠣殼槽總收益-總成本曲線----------------------------403.9 水平流礫石槽總成本曲線圖-----------------------------------403.10 水平流礫石槽總收益曲線------------------------------------413.11 水平流礫石槽總收益-總成本曲線圖---------------------------413.12 水平流曝氣牡蠣殼槽總成本曲線------------------------------423.13 水平流曝氣牡蠣殼槽總收益曲線圖----------------------------423.14 水平流曝氣牡蠣殼槽總成本-總收益曲線圖---------------------433.15 垂直流網袋牡蠣殼槽總成本曲線圖----------------------------433.16 垂直流網袋牡蠣殼槽總收益曲線圖----------------------------443.17 垂直流網袋牡蠣殼槽總收益-總成本曲線圖---------------------443.18 垂直流散裝牡蠣殼槽總成本曲線圖----------------------------453.19 垂直流散裝牡蠣殼槽總收益曲線圖----------------------------453.20 垂直流散裝牡蠣殼槽總收益-總成本曲線圖---------------------463.21 水平流牡蠣殼槽總成本及總收益曲線圖(20年期)----------------473.22 水平流礫石槽總成本及總收益曲線圖(20年期)-------------------------473.23 水平流曝氣牡蠣殼槽總成本及總收益曲線圖(20年期)--------------------483.24 垂直流網袋牡蠣殼槽總成本及總收益曲線圖(20年期)--------------------483.25 垂直流散裝牡蠣殼槽總成本及總收益曲線圖(20年期)--------------------49 目 錄2-1 二重疏洪道礫間處理實驗模場國內外案例分析表-------------------62-2 完全隨機化設計的資料結構表-----------------------------------92-3 一般情形之完全隨機化設計的ANOVA表--------------------------102-4 牡蠣殼 、礫石及市售生物模接觸濾材比較表---------------------113-1 二重礫間接觸模場工程進度表----------------------------------213-2 設計條件表--------------------------------------------------293-3 檢驗項目----------------------------------------------------303-4 研究水平流與垂直流之比較成果表------------------------------313-5 各分區尺寸面積分配表----------------------------------------353-6 固定成本分項分析表------------------------------------------364-1 水平流礫石槽與垂直流散裝牡蠣殼槽之間差異比較----------------50 4-2 BOD 不同年期收益分項分析表----------------------------------514-3 成本-收益分項分析表-----------------------------------------514-4 成本分析年期推估表------------------------------------------524-5 二重疏洪道礫間處理實驗模場成本收益分析表--------------------544-6 二重疏洪道礫間處理實驗模場益本比分析表----------------------55 目 錄試委員會審定書-----------------------------------------------------I誌----------------------------------------------------------------II文摘要-----------------------------------------------------------III文摘要------------------------------------------------------------IV目錄--------------------------------------------------------------VI目錄------------------------------------------------------------VIII錄----------------------------------------------------------------IX一章、前言-1 研究緣起---------------------------------------------------------1-2 研究目的---------------------------------------------------------1-3 研究模式---------------------------------------------------------2二章、理論與方法-1 礫間接觸氧化法淨化機制-------------------------------------------4-2 淨化系統---------------------------------------------------------7-3 材料說明---------------------------------------------------------7-4 統計方法---------------------------------------------------------8-5 經濟分析---成本及效益分析理論-----------------------------------10-6 鍊條理論--------------------------------------------------------12-7 折舊的計算------------------------------------------------------13三章、現場敘述-1 現場概述--------------------------------------------------------14-2 工程規劃設計法--------------------------------------------------15-3 處理單元設施設計配置--------------------------------------------16-4 採樣及保存方法保存方法------------------------------------------17-5 水質分析項目----------------------------------------------------30-6 評估去除效益 ---------------------------------------------------30-7 評估去除效益----------------------------------------------------31-8 成本分析--------------------------------------------------------33四章、結果與討論-1 處理成果分析----------------------------------------------------50-2 影響因子關係討論------------------------------------------------50 五章、結論與建議-1 結論 -----------------------------------------------------------56-2 建議 -----------------------------------------------------------57考文獻------------------------------------------------------------58錄----------------------------------------------------------------61application/pdf2213475 bytesapplication/pdfen-US礫間接觸牡礪殼成效評估生物膜經濟分析Gravel-Packed ReactorOyster shell theoryWater QuilitybiofilmEconomic Analysisthesishttp://ntur.lib.ntu.edu.tw/bitstream/246246/181167/1/ntu-98-R95622048-1.pdf