2018-04-012024-05-14https://scholars.lib.ntu.edu.tw/handle/123456789/658895摘要：目前對於黃麴毒素的快速檢測法主要有薄層色層分析法（Thin Layer Chromatography，TLC）、酵素結合免疫吸附分析法（Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay，ELISA）以及溴溶液螢光衍生法（Solution Fluorometry with Bromine，SFB）三種，然而這些技術因為不同的限制因素，仍不足以發展成為線上快速的汰選方法。由於黃麴毒素在特殊的紫外線波段照射之下，會顯現出藍紫色波段或黃綠色波段的螢光響應，透過螢光光譜結合影像訊號處理手法，非常具有潛力取代上述幾種慣用的黃麴毒素快速檢測法，本計畫擬進一步搭配機構設計、機電自動化技術將所有元件及流程整合在一起，開發出富有產業應用價值的汰選機器。蒐集汰選後所得已被黃麴毒素感染之發霉花生以及花生經由農產品加工後剩餘的廢棄材料(例如花生根、花生果殼、花生種皮等)作為原料，進一步藉由下段描述的亞臨界水萃取技術提取出具有保健功能之白藜蘆醇，是能一石二鳥地解決農業廢棄物問題以及提高農產附加價值之良方。 　　另一方面，白藜蘆醇是1939年北海道帝國大學高岡道夫教授於藜蘆屬有毒植物梅蕙草所發現的一種植物多酚，為植物的免疫代謝物質。由於近年研究紛紛指出其具有抗衰老、抗發炎、降血糖、調節心血管系統等功能，目前通常由被細菌或真菌感染的日本藜蘆根部萃取，添加於保健食品中。而近年發現花生當中也富含白藜蘆醇，特別是發芽的花生。由於白藜蘆醇水溶性低，一般學界以溶解度較高的乙醇萃取，但會有雜質、甚至毒性物質一起溶出，需要再進一步地精製，增加製程上的困難及成本。由於在亞臨界狀態下的水有低介電常數與高離子濃度積的特性，這意味著高壓熱水可以有效地萃取白藜蘆醇這種油溶性物質，而適當地控制溫度、壓力以調節亞臨界水的介電常數，便能選擇性地溶出花生當中所含的白藜蘆醇及其他有效成分，增加農產品的附加價值。本計畫將以微胞電動毛細管電泳分析法定量白藜蘆醇的萃取效率及純度並找出最佳萃取條件。 　　花蓮縣落花生耕作面積逾400公頃，是轄內重要農產作物。黃麴毒素在乾燥條件不良的產業背景下易孳生於花生表面，此類致癌物質危害風險高需建立一套有效率的汰選方式以提升農產品安全，本計畫將實現能應用於即時檢測之花生黃麴毒素光學汰選系統，直接應用於中小型加工廠的生產線上，預期成本約在數十萬元左右，辨別率達9成以上。落花生富含的多酚化合物白藜蘆醇，是抗氧化的機能性成份，開發白藜蘆醇之最佳亞臨界水萃取條件，將可作為線上量產的關鍵技術，提高落花生之衍生價值，具有產業發展引導的可能性。本計畫將實現一套能應用於中小型加工廠之白藜蘆醇亞臨界水萃取設備，由於達成亞臨界水狀態所需的壓力遠小於超臨界水，萃取槽的材料選擇上以一般鋼材容器的安全係數便能承受，萃取槽的容量設定在10公升時，設備預期成本約在數十萬元左右。<br> Abstract: Three commonly used rapid analytical methods for aflatoxin are thin layer chromatography (TLC), enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and solution fluorometry with bromine (SFB). Owing to some inherent limitations of the aforementioned methods, it is still hard to achieve the online screening purpose at present. We found that under the irradiation of a specific ultraviolet wavelength, the fluorescence response emitted by aflatoxin at purple-blue region or at yellow-green region could be easily observed. It is thus potentially available for replacing the conventional methods for rapid screening by the combination of fluorescence spectrometry with image processing technique. With further integrating mechanical design and mechatronical automation technique, an industrial applicable screening machine for aflatoxin in peanut will be developed. 　　Resveratrol is a plant polyphenol found in a toxic medicinal plant, Veratrum album, by Professor Michio Takaoka of Hokkaido University in 1939. The botanical immune substance was recently reported to possess various physiological functions including anti-aging, anti-inflammatory, blood sugar-lowering and several beneficial cardiovascular effects; the chemical is recently added into commercial nutrient supplements after being extracted from the roots of Japanese knotweed (Polygonum cuspidatum) that was previously infected by bacteria or fungi. Resveratrol was also found in peanuts, especially the germinated ones. The chemical does not readily dissolve in water, so ethanol or other organic solvent was used for the extraction. However, some impurities or even toxic chemicals will also be eluted, which will be a problem or an increase in manufacturing cost. Since subcritical water has a much lower dielectric constant and higher ion-product, it is possible to use compressed hot water under a controlled pressure and temperature to adjust the dielectric constant and selectively extract the hydrophobic chemical or other active ingredients from peanuts. The resveratrol content is determined by micellar electrokinetic capillary electrophoresis and the extraction condition will be optimized for a higher yield and purity based on the analytical results.落花生黃麴毒素機能性成分白藜蘆醇peanutaflatoxinfunctional componentsresveratrol