2023-08-012024-05-13https://scholars.lib.ntu.edu.tw/handle/123456789/652889本研究將進行印尼峇厘島與馬來西亞兩個城市中的客家協會網絡的研究，運用人類學的族群研究與比較研究及多點民族誌研究方法，以探究東南亞國家在殖民與國家化影響下，客家認同與客家意識的延續和意義。 族群邊界內的認同在社會動員與團結一致行動上，的確扮演著重要的意義，這點在當今東南亞國家的民主化和國家政治與經濟的層面上，華人身在其中的位置與自我定位，有著重要的關聯。而印尼峇厘島的首府登巴薩位於整個島上觀光與城市商業發展的重要位置；馬來西亞的馬六甲作為華人抵達該地移民的重要港口，在歷史上為不同族群流動與互動的港口城市，近年更因成為世界遺產城市而加速了其發展與不同族群間政治力量的較勁。在此高度競爭的城市場域之中，非主體族群的客家人如何自處於不同社群間與方言群之間的作用，族群的概念如何成為其中人與人之間相互連結與區隔的語彙，在族群與文化再現的內容上如何展現，將是本研究計畫希望能夠透過兩地客家的族群現象的比較研究，進一步回應與討論的問題。 This project will research on the Hakka ethnic networks in two cities, Denpasar in Bali, Indonesia and Melaka, Malaysia. I will apply the Anthropological theory on ethnic relations and multi-sited ethnographical method to discuss the differences of Hakka identity and Hakka consciousness in these urban areas of the two countries in Southeast Asia under the state formation and the decolonial modern influences. Ethnic identity within the border of ethnic groups do play an important role when the group needs the mobilization and unification of their members. In the democratization and politico-economic transformation in Southeast Asia countries, how Chinese migrants situate themselves and connect to their network counts often as a decisive movement. In Denpasar, Bali, Indonesia, the city has a central role as a global and national commercial city for the island’s touristic development. While in the port city Melaka, Malaysia, it used to be a historical center of interface place for peoples and materials from all different directions. By the way, the fact that Melaka as a world heritage city has increased its development and political competition in the city among the different ethnic groups, from Malay, Eurasia ethnic groups and different Chinese groups from Baba/Nyona to Hakka and Hokkien. In such kind of cities, how non-majority ethnic group as the Hakka would interact with dialect groups and other ethnic groups, and how ethnicity and ethnic network have become the language of distinguishing among them are the questions that I tend to ask and try to reply with the theory of ethnicity and culture from the Anthropological study.客家認同;客家意識;非中心型族群;印尼;馬來西亞;網絡;Hakka Identity; Hakka Consciousness; Non-Majority Ethnicity; Indonesia; Malaysia; Network