2004-11-012024-05-17https://scholars.lib.ntu.edu.tw/handle/123456789/683119摘要：一般而言，「國籍」被認為是一種「得以享受權利的權利」，因為是否具有國家成員的資格，決定了是否有資格享有國家法所賦予的權利義務。而從女性主義法學的角度來觀察，國籍的相關規範是性別歧視的，否定女性作為「平等國民」的身分，而這通常表現為女性在國籍上的從屬性（從夫與從父）、父系中心的國籍傳承、性別化的歸化程序，以及因為外國人欠缺公民權保障而造成從夫居的外國妻子的不利處境。本研究計畫即嘗試分析此四種國籍上的性別歧視在台灣法律史發展上的歷史樣態，首先探討臺灣人如何在馬關條約下成為日本國民，以及明治國籍法和相關戶口制度下對於女性的國籍歧視。其次分析二次大戰之後臺灣人如何喪失日本國籍、如何取得中華民國國籍，日僑以及台日混血的法律地位以及其性別意義。接著將探討戰後實施於臺灣的國籍法的制訂緣起、國籍法與戶口制度中的性別歧視，以及2000年的修法改革。最後則將分析近年來有關於女性國籍與公民權的討論、特別是婚姻移民女性的國籍與公民權的爭議，並基於國籍法史的反省提出可能的建議。這樣具有當代關懷的女性主義國籍法史研究，一方面可以有助於我們歷史性地理解女人與國籍之間的關係，另方面並能供作制訂性別平等的國籍與移民政策<br> Abstract: The law plays a critical role in the construction of national boundaries as well as the status of a member within a nation. It, from an institutional perspective, determines who will be admitted to the community and who will be excluded, and designates the entitlements and responsibilities attached to membership. “Nationality” is hence defined as “the right to have rights.” Legal regulation on women and nationality often operates to produce and facilitate gender inequality. Inequality as such takes a number of forms. First of all, women’s nationality is understood as a dependent one: she is to follow her husband’s or her father’s nationality. Second, the ability to pass nationality onto children is gendered. Thirdly, the legal regulation of naturalization determines who will be admitted to the community along gender lines. Last but not least, the dichotomy of rights-holding citizens/nationals and unprotected immigrants/aliens makes nationality a precondition for legal protection and citizenship benefits, and thus renders foreign wives in disadvantages situations. This project is an investigation into the legal history of women and nationality in Taiwan. It will reveals, through historical lenses, the ways in which law constructs nationality along gendered lines that discriminate against women, that is, how a woman’s membership to the nation was dependent on her marital status, and how citizen-mothers were deprived of the entitlement to define the nation. I will first explain various forms of gender inequality in nationality laws that existed during the Japanese colonial period (1895-1945), and then discuss the complicated relationship between women and nationality during the transitional period after the end of World War II, in which I will focus on the legal status of mixed race children of Taiwanese and Japanese, and that of Japanese who remained in Taiwan. Thirdly, I will discuss forms of discrimination against women in the postwar nationality law, and offer an examination of recent legal reforms since 2000 that have effectively rewritten women’s overall relationship with the nation in a gender-neutral fashion. Finally, I will review the recent controversies and debates over immigrant women’s nationality and civil rights, and ends with a critique of this reshaping of women’s nationality based on the findings of this project.國籍移民族群性別平等女性主義法學臺灣法律史Nationalityimmigrationrace/ethnicitygender equalityfeminist jurisprudenceTaiwan legal history