韓選棠臺灣大學：生物環境系統工程學研究所江季澄Chiang, Chi-ChengChi-ChengChiang2007-11-272018-06-292007-11-272018-06-292007http://ntur.lib.ntu.edu.tw//handle/246246/56100室內空氣中影響人體健康最主要的汙染物之ㄧ就是甲醛，其主要來自室內裝修的建材。尤其是，現代人ㄧ天有90％的時間，處於密閉型的空間中，加上現代建築氣密性佳，在通風換氣普遍不足的情況下，致使甲醛汙染更嚴重。 世界各先進國家為了保護其國人的健康，對於去除室內甲醛已形成共識，並把它列入是否成為健康建築的主標之ㄧ。反觀國內，由於法律還沒明文規定以及相關配套措施的不完善，致使裝修業繼續大量使用會逸散甲醛的裝修材材，造成國人常在不知情的狀況下長期暴露於高濃度甲醛環境中，影響著人體身心健康。因此，如何去除室內甲醛污染是件刻不容緩的課題。 為此，筆者已於近年市面上出現具去除甲醛的「甲殼素塗料」，作為研究對象進行探討，並以「塑膠壁紙」為甲醛來源的建材對象，以羊毛油漆刷人工塗佈方式來測試甲殼素塗料去除甲醛的效果是受到哪些因子的影響。本研究使用小型空氣品質環境測試箱進行實驗，設定各種不同的溫、濕度環境因子，不同的甲殼素塗量大小，以了解這些因子影響的程度。同時還以實際場所進行實測，以比較評估甲殼素塗料去除塑膠壁紙表面甲醛之能力在理論與實務上之差異，其結果歸納如下： ㄧ、未塗甲殼素塗料的塑膠壁紙逸散甲醛濃度顯著受到溫、濕度的影響。溫、濕度的高低與塑膠壁紙逸散甲醛濃度成正比關係。無論在低溫低濕（20℃、50％）或高溫高濕（30℃、70％）的環境下，都已超過WHO所規定的0.08ppm標準值，對人體健康造成不良影響，所以確需設法去除。 二、未含甲殼素的塗料，無論是在低溫低濕，或高溫高濕的環境下，甲醛濃度均以緩慢的趨勢上升，經12小時之上升，濃度就已與未塗甲殼素塗料的濃度接近。可證對逸散甲醛濃度起作用的，確為甲殼素，而非塗料的其他成分。 三、在同樣的濕度環境下，塗佈一次甲殼素塗料去除甲醛的效果會受到溫度的影響：隨著溫度的下降，效果便提升。在高濕的環境下，尤其顯著。 四、在同樣的溫度環境下塗佈一次甲殼素塗料，其去除甲醛的效果也會受到濕度的影響：濕度越高，其去除效果越差。 五、去除甲醛的效果還受甲殼素塗量多寡及次數的影響，塗佈二次比塗佈一次的好ㄧ倍以上，第一次就已低於WHO之規定值0.08ppm，而且幾乎不受溫、濕度的影響。考慮到兼顧效果與經濟可行的因素，因此建議以塗佈二次為原則。One of the major indoor pollutant is formaldehyde, and its major source is from renovation materials. Nowadays, most people spend 90% of their daily time indoors, and modern buildings tend to be airtight; without sufficient fresh air, formaldehyde pollution seems to have become a greater problem. Throughout the world, all leading countries have reached consensus that interior formaldehyde build-up has to be eliminated, and it is considered as a one of the index to ‘healthy architecture’. Whereas in Taiwan, the law does not clearly prohibit the use of formaldehyde, therefore, materials that easily vaporizes formaldehyde is popularly used among the interior design business, causing Taiwanese to be exposed to highly concentrated formaldehyde environment without knowing the potential effects on mind and body. Therefore, it is an important matter to get rid off interior formaldehyde build-up. The writer will be discussing about the product ‘chitosan paint’ that is said to get rid of formaldehyde, use ‘plastic wall paper’ as the source of formaldehyde, paint with 3-4 inch wool brushes to apply the paint, and observe the effects of different settings. This research will be conducted within a small scale environmental chamber, to simulate different environmental factors at different amounts of ‘chitosan paint’, or even none. Finally, I will base on the actual observations and data, to assess and cross reference the ability of ‘chitosan paint’ to get rid of formaldehyde on plastic wall paper, and its elements. The experiments and the test results are concluded as follow: 1. The vaporization of formaldehyde on plastic paper wall without chitosan paint apparently is affected by temperature and humidity. They form a positive relationship. Whether it’s at low temp and low humidity (20°C, 50%) or high temp and high humidity (30°C, 70%), the formaldehyde concentration is over WHO regulation standard of 0.08ppm, and has to be eliminated as it has harmful effects on health. 2. The unpainted parts, whether under low temp low humidity, or high temp high humidity, the level of formaldehyde concentration slowly rises. After twelve continuous hours, the concentration is similar as it is without the paint. This proves that chitosan does have an effect on controlling formaldehyde and not other ingredients of the paint. 3. Under similar humidity conditions, one layer of chitosan paint to control formaldehyde will be influenced by the temperature: the lower the temperature, the better the result. It is even more apparent in highly humid environment. 4. Under the same temperature condition, with one layer of chitosan paint, the effect to control formaldehyde is effected by humidity: the higher the humidity the worst the effect. 5. The paint also plays a vital role when getting rid off formaldehyde, two layers is twice as good as one layer, which is below the WHO regulation standard of 0.08ppm right from the start, and almost free of temperature and humidity factors. Considering long lasting and economical reasons, two layers is recommended.論文口試委員審定書…………………………………………………………….I 謝誌……………………………………………………………………………….II 中文摘要…………………………………………………………………………III 英文摘要…………………………………………………………………………V 圖目錄……………………………………………………………………………IX 表目錄…………………………………………………………………………….X 第一章 緒論………………………………………………………………………......1 第一節 研究動機與目的…………………………………………………………..1 第二節 研究內容與範圍…………………………………………………………..3 第三節 研究方法與流程………………………………………………………......4 第二章 文獻回顧…………………………………………………………………....６ 第一節 甲醛的特性及污染來源………………………………………………....６ 第二節 甲醛逸散機制…………………………………………………………１４ 第三節 甲殼素去除甲醛相關研究……………………………………………１９ 第四節 小結……………………………………………………………………２１ 第三章 甲殼素塗料去除甲醛原理探討…………………………………………２２ 第一節 甲殼素塗料去除甲醛原理……………………………………………２２ 第二節 甲殼素塗料去除甲醛的問題分析……………………………………２６ 第三節 影響甲殼素塗料去除甲醛能力因子…………………………………３０ 第四章 甲殼素塗料去除甲醛測試方法…………………………………………３２ 第一節 實驗設備與建材………………………………………………………３２ 第二節 實驗方法………………………………………………………………３７ 第三節 參數設定……………………………………………………………. ４１ 第四節 實驗步驟……………………………………………………………..４３ 第五節 實驗結果……………………………………………………………..４５ 第五章 現場實測的方法與結果…………………………………………………５5 第一節 實測目的與實測場地基本資料………………………………………５5 第二節 實測儀器介紹及測點配置方式………………………………………５8 第三節 實測流程及結果………………………………………………………６1 第六章　結論與建議……………………………………………………………..６8 第一節 結論……………………………………………………………………６8 第二節 建議……………………………………………………………………７1 參考文獻………………………………………………………………………751503007 bytesapplication/pdfen-US甲殼素塗料塑膠壁紙甲醛小型空氣品質環境測試箱Chitosan paintplastic wall paperformaldehydesmall scale environmental chamberthesishttp://ntur.lib.ntu.edu.tw/bitstream/246246/56100/1/ntu-96-R90622046-1.pdf