國立臺灣大學農藝學系Wang, Yue-WenYue-WenWang2006-09-282018-07-112006-09-282018-07-112000http://ntur.lib.ntu.edu.tw//handle/246246/20060928155400701. Variations in chromosome structure or number can arise spontaneously or be induced by chemicals or radiation. Chromosomal mutation can be detected by: a. Genetic analysis (observing changes in linkage). b. Microscopic examination of eukaryotic chromosomes at mitosis and meiosis (karyotype analysis). 2. Chromosomal aberrations contribute significantly to human miscarriages, stillbirths and genetic disorders. a. About 1⁄2 of spontaneous abortions result from major chromosomal mutations. b. Visible chromosomal mutations occur in about 6/1,000 live births. c. About 11% of men with fertility problems, and 6% of those institutionalized with mental deficiencies have chromosomal mutations.application/ppt3150848 bytesapplication/vnd.ms-powerpointzh-TWlearning objecthttp://ntur.lib.ntu.edu.tw/bitstream/246246/2006092815540070/1/ch21.ppt