牟中原臺灣大學：化學研究所郭清癸Kuo, Chin-KueiChin-KueiKuo牟中原指導2007-11-262018-07-102007-11-262018-07-102004http://ntur.lib.ntu.edu.tw//handle/246246/51875對一些四環平面有機分子及其衍生物在其奈米晶體的生長控制及鑑 定方面有了初步的瞭解，並對其中較有趣的分子奈米晶體進行其光學特性 與其分子堆疊方向相關之探討。 而另一方面，藉由合成了不同粒徑之金奈米顆粒後，將其分別應用在 一、 與有機奈米晶體混合後之螢光萃滅及其時間解析研究，發現此電子 轉移作用與金奈米顆粒之大小有高度的相關性 二、 催化生長尺寸選擇良好之氮化鎵半導體奈米線，藉由金奈米顆粒的 大小及適當將其散佈於化學修飾過之矽基板，可有效控制後續生長之 氮化鎵奈米線之尺寸。In the thesis, we presented some of our progress in size effects on the optical properties and the application toward nanotechnology of gold nanoparticles and organic nanomaterials. This topic was, in fact, composed of many aspects of nanomaterials. They included basic properties and size controlled preparations of gold nanoparticles, fabrication, characterization and photophysical features of organic nanomaterials, photophysical interactions between fluorophores and gold nanoparticles, and growth of semiconductor 1-D nanomaterials. Accordingly, it is obvious that the discussion cannot be merged into a single chapter. Therefore, we divided our discussions into four parts. In Chapter 2, historical introduction of preparation and basic properties of gold nanoparticles is surveyed (Sections 2.1-2.6). This chapter is not the major part of the thesis. They are here to work as a basic knowledge for further discussions. In Section 2.6, we report our fabrication and characterization of size-controlled gold nanoparticles (applied to studies in Chapters 4 and 5). Chapter 3 highlights a simple procedure for the preparation of organic nanomaterials and its application on many organic compounds. Photophysic properties of these nanomaterials were studied. We have proposed an approach to analyze packing order of molecules in nanomaterials. This helps one to correlate photophysic features of organic nanomaterials with the packing order of molecules. Chapter 4 emphasizes the interaction between gold nanoparticles and fluorescent organic nanocrystals. In the system, gold nanoparticles worked as fluorescent quenchers of the organic nanocrystals. The emission of the nanocrystals was gradually reduced as the amount of gold nanoparticles increased. The mechanism of the quenching is analyzed. The quenching rate was found to be size-dependent with the gold nanoparticles. The exciton dynamics in the perylene nanocrystals were altered by interactions between gold nanoparticles and the nanocrystals. In Chapter 5, gold nanoparticles of various sizes were applied to the diameter-selective growth of GaN (gallium nitride) nanowires. The limitation of low solubility of N in Au and the in-equilibrium condition were conquered. By using gold nanoparticles with distinct size, GaN wires with various size distributions were obtained. The growth dynamics were also surveyed. This demonstrates the application of preformed gold nanoparticles in size-controllable preparation of semiconductor materials and envisages promising future of nanotechnology.Chapter 1 Introduction……………………………………. 1 Chapter 2 Gold Nanoparticles……..……………………… 3 Section 2.1 Historical Introduction……….………………….. 3 Section 2.2 Optical Properties of Gold Nanoparticle -- Experimental………………………………… 11 Section 2.3 Optical Properties of Gold Nanoparticle -- Theoretical and calculational prediction…….. 16 Section 2.4 Catalytic Activities of Gold Nanoparticles……….. 22 Section 2.5 Known Size Effects of Gold Nanoparticles…..…... 26 Section 2.6 Fabrication of Gold Nanoparticles of Different Sizes and Morphologies………………...………… 29 Section 2.7 Contemporary Remarks…………………………... 34 Figures ……………………………………………………. 36 References Chapter 2……….…….………………………...…. 68 Chapter 3 Organic Nanomaterials..……………………...… 75 Section 3.1 Historical Introduction……...……..……………… 75 Section 3.2 Introduction to Molecular Crystals…..…………… 80 Section 3.3 Perylene Nanocrystal…….……………...……...… 82 Section 3.4 Study on the Formation Process of Organic Nanocrystals............................................................ 84 Section 3.5 Fluorescein Nanomaterials…….....………………. 86 Section 3.6 Four-Ring Aromatic Organic Nanocrystals………. 92 IV Section 3.7 Special Spctral Feature Related to Molecular Packing Order in Organic Nanomaterials……….... 94 Section 3.8 Contemporary Remarks………….…………..…… 100 Figures ……………………………………………………. 101 References Chapter 3……….…….……………………..……. 136 Chapter 4 Size-Dependent Quenching Effects of Gold Nanoparticles toward Perylene Organic Nanocrystals……………………………...……… 141 Section 4.1 Purpose of the Study………...……….…………… 141 Section 4.2 Introduction to Interaction between Chromophores and Gold Nanoparticles…………………………... 143 Section 4.3 Experimental Design.…….….....………………… 145 Section 4.4 Size-Dependent Quenching Effect of Gold Nanoparticles toward Perylene Nanocrystals…….. 148 Section 4.5 Quenching Mechanism……...……………………. 150 Section 4.6 Size Effect of Electron Transfer between Gold Nanoparticles and Perylene Nanocrystals…...….... 156 Section 4.7 Contemporary Remarks…………………………... 159 Figures ……………………………………………………. 160 References Chapter 4……….…………………………………. 184 Chapter 5 Application of Gold Nanoparticles in the Diameter-Selective Growth of GaN and InN semiconductor Nanowires….…………………… 190 Section 5.1 Motivation and Brief Introduction to CVD Growth of Semiconductor Nanowires via VLS Mechanism 190 Section 5.2 Growth Apparatus and Limitations of Other Catalysts…………………………………………... 193 Section 5.3 Breakthrough in Preparation of Well-Dispersed and Suitable Gold Nanoparticles for the CVD Growth of GaN Nanowires on Silicon Substrate.… 195 V Section 5.4 Diameter-Selective Growth of GaN Nanowires...... 201 Section 5.5 Special Findout in InN Belts and GaN Nanowells.. 204 Section 5.6 Contemporary Remarks……..……...…...………... 206 Figures ……………………………………………………. 207 References Chapter 5………….………………………………. 231 Chapter 6 Conclusion……………..………………………… 235 Appendix 236 Appendix A Materials………......…………………....………… 236 Appendix B Instrumentation for Characterization……......….… 238 Appendix C Size Determination and Scale Bars...……......….… 241 Appendix D Cleansing Procedure for Glasswares……………... 243 Appendix E Size Determination and Scale Bars…….……….… 24419966625 bytesapplication/pdfen-US尺寸效應金奈米顆粒奈米科技氮化鎵奈米線有機奈米晶體nanotechnologysize effectgallium nitride nanowiresgold nanoparticleorganic nanocrystalthesishttp://ntur.lib.ntu.edu.tw/bitstream/246246/51875/1/ntu-93-R90223028-1.pdf