Geographical differences in human herpesvirus 8 seroepidemiology: A survey of 1,201 individuals in Asia

Since the discovery of human herpesvirus 8 (HHV8) as a contributory cause of Kaposis sarcoma, the clinical role of this virus has been actively investigated. An understanding of HHV8 seroepidemiology is critical for the study of its pathogenesis within a specific environment. A sero-survey is described in Taiwan of 1,201 individuals ranging in age from under 1 year to over 70. Indirect immunofluorescence assay was used to determine antibody titers against both latent and lytic antigens of HHV8. The results indicate that very few individuals (3-4%) were exposed to HHV8 before 10 years of age. Infection rate peaked (19.2%) between the ages of 21 to 40. Females showed a slightly higher sero-prevalence for HHV8 than males, but the difference was not statistically significant. Pregnancy did not correlate with increased HHV8 infection rate nor with augmented HHV8 antibody titers. It is concluded that HHV8 in Taiwan is predominantly an infectious agent for adults. In this geographical locale, HHV8 is similar to herpes simplex virus type 2 in its likely transmission occurring presumptively through sexual routes. However, the study also indicates that a smaller portion of HHV8-transmission could occur through nonsexual contacts.