Biological properties of human periodontal ligament cell spheroids cultivated on chitosan and polyvinyl alcohol membranes
Journal
Journal of the Formosan Medical Association
Journal Volume
121
Journal Issue
11
Pages
2191
Date Issued
2022-11-01
Author(s)
Hsieh, Hao Ying
Hsu, Li Fang
Tsai, Li Hui
Abstract
Background/purpose: Multicellular spheroid cultures have attracted increasing attention in the field of periodontal regeneration. However, very few studies have reported the periodontal ligament (PDL) cell spheroid formation via biomaterials-induced processes. This study investigated the biological characteristics of human PDL cell spheroids formed on two hydrophilic polymer-based biomaterials, namely chitosan and polyvinyl alcohol. Methods: The expressions of periostin, paxillin, hypoxia-inducible factor 1-α (HIF-1α), and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) were analyzed. Cell migration ability was assessed using a scratch assay. Furthermore, PDL cell spheroids were cultured in 3D-printed polylactic acid scaffolds to evaluate mineralizing capability. Results: Western blot analysis revealed increased expressions of periostin, HIF-1α, and VEGF in the 3D spheroids. After the spheroids were reseeded, the cells gradually migrated outward from the spheroids and time-dependent distribution of paxillin was observed. The cells migrating outward from the 3D spheroids demonstrated greater migration ability than that of 2D monolayer cells. Compared to the dissociated cells from a monolayer culture, the cell spheroids formed on the chitosan membrane exhibited elevated alkaline phosphatase activity and an increase in mineralized matrix deposition. Conclusion: The biomaterial-induced formation of PDL cell spheroids suggests a novel strategy for cell delivery in research and clinical applications of periodontal regeneration.
Subjects
Cell migration | Chitosan | Hypoxia-inducible factor 1 | Paxillin | Polyvinyl alcohol
SDGs
Publisher
ELSEVIER TAIWAN
Type
journal article