A review of strategies to prevent mother-to-infant transmission of hepatitis B virus infection
Journal
Expert Review of Gastroenterology and Hepatology
Journal Volume
10
Journal Issue
3
Pages
317-330
Date Issued
2016
Author(s)
Abstract
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection causes long-term, life-threatening liver diseases worldwide. HBV is transmitted through either the horizontal or mother-to-infant route, which is the major route of transmission in endemic areas. Administration of hepatitis B immunoglobulin and hepatitis B vaccine to newborns of infected mothers prevents mother-to-infant transmission. Implementation of a universal hepatitis B vaccination program has proven successful in eliminating the infection and related complications. Nevertheless, efforts are still needed to improve global coverage of the hepatitis B vaccine. Infants born to highly viremic mothers are still at risk of infection despite current immunoprophylaxis. An increasing number of reports have shown promising efficacy and safety profiles with the use of nucleoside/nucleotide analogues in highly viremic pregnant women to prevent mother-to-infant transmission. ? 2015 Taylor & Francis.
Subjects
HBV DNA; hepatitis B immunoglobulin; hepatitis B vaccine; immunoprophylactic failure; nucleoside/nucleotide analogue
SDGs
Other Subjects
hepatitis B antibody; hepatitis B surface antigen; hepatitis B vaccine; hepatitis B(e) antigen; nucleoside derivative; nucleotide derivative; antivirus agent; hepatitis B hyperimmune globulin; hepatitis B vaccine; immunoglobulin; active immunization; breast feeding; cesarean section; drug efficacy; drug safety; endemic disease; gene; gene mutation; health care availability; health care quality; hepatitis B; Hepatitis B virus; human; immunization; immunoprophylaxis; infection risk; nonhuman; obstetric procedure; passive immunization; pregnancy complication; pregnant woman; prenatal care; preventive health service; resource allocation; Review; risk factor; surface gene; vaginal delivery; vertical transmission; viremia; virus inhibition; virus load; virus transmission; female; genetics; genotype; hepatitis B; Hepatitis B virus; newborn; pathogenicity; phenotype; pregnancy; prevention and control; transmission; treatment outcome; vertical transmission; Antiviral Agents; Female; Genotype; Hepatitis B; Hepatitis B Vaccines; Hepatitis B virus; Humans; Immunoglobulins; Infant, Newborn; Infectious Disease Transmission, Vertical; Phenotype; Pregnancy; Risk Factors; Treatment Outcome
Publisher
Taylor and Francis Ltd
Type
review