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  4. Thermally Cured Dual Functional Viologen-Based All-in-One Electrochromic Devices with Panchromatic Modulation
 
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Thermally Cured Dual Functional Viologen-Based All-in-One Electrochromic Devices with Panchromatic Modulation

Journal
ACS Applied Materials and Interfaces
Journal Volume
8
Journal Issue
6
Pages
4175-4184
Date Issued
2016
Author(s)
Kao S.-Y.
Lu H.-C.
Kung C.-W.
Chen H.-W.
Chang T.-H.
Ho K.-C.  
DOI
10.1021/acsami.5b11947
URI
https://scholars.lib.ntu.edu.tw/handle/123456789/408681
URL
https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84958998815&doi=10.1021%2facsami.5b11947&partnerID=40&md5=b71f5bbbc2e2fc9365c2d759358e8a37
Abstract
Vinyl benzyl viologen (VBV) was synthesized and utilized to obtain all-in-one thermally cured electrochromic devices (ECDs). The vinyl moiety of VBV monomer could react with methyl methacrylate (MMA) to yield bulky VBV/poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) chains and even cross-linked network without the assistance of additional cross-linker. Both the bulky VBV/PMMA chains and the resulting polymer network can hinder the aggregation of the viologens and reduce the possibility of dimerization, rendering enhanced cycling stability. Large transmittance changes (£GT) over 60% at both 570 and 615 nm were achieved when the VBV-based ECD was switched from 0 V to a low potential bias of 0.5 V. Ultimately, the dual functional of VBV molecules, serving simultaneously as a promising electrochromic material and a cross-linker, is fully utilized in the proposed electrochromic system, making its fabrication process much easier. Negligible decays in £GT at both wavelengths were observed for the cured ECD after being subjected to 1000 repetitive cycles, while 17.1% and 22.0% decays were noticed at 570 and 615 nm, respectively, for the noncured ECD. In addition, the low voltage-driven feature of the VBV-based ECD enables it to be incorporated with phenyl viologen (PV), further expanding the absorption range of the ECD. Panchromatic characteristic of the proposed PV/VBV-based ECD was demonstrated while exhibiting £GT over 60% at both wavelengths. Only 5.3% and 6.9% decays, corresponding at 570 and 615 nm, respectively, were observed in the PV/VBV-based ECD after 10?£á¡Â000 continuous cycles at bleaching/coloring voltages of 0/0.5 V with an interval of 10 s for both bleaching and coloring processes. ? 2016 American Chemical Society.
Subjects
electrochromic device (ECD)
low driving voltage
N,N,N¡¬,N¡¬-tetramethyl-p-phenylenediamine (TMPD)
panchromatic
phenyl viologen
thermal curing
Type
journal article

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