Tyramine detection using PEDOT:PSS/AuNPs/1-methyl-4-mercaptopyridine modified screen-printed carbon electrode with molecularly imprinted polymer solid phase extraction
Journal
Biosensors and Bioelectronics
Journal Volume
87
Pages
142 149
ISSN
0956-5663
Date Issued
2017-01-15
Author(s)
Abstract
Tyramine (4-hydroxyphenethylamine), which is a monoamine metabolized by monoamine oxidase (MAO), exists widely in plants, animals, fermented foods, and salted foods. The incidence of hypertension, or “cheese effect”, which is associated with a large dietary intake of tyramine while taking MAO inhibitors has been reported; therefore, the measurement of tyramine is an urgent concern. Herein, an efficient approach that integrates a molecular imprinting polymer for solid phase extraction (MISPE) technique with a sensitive electrochemical sensing platform (SPCE/PEDOT: PSS/AuNP/1-m-4-MP) for the quantification of tyramine is presented. Enhanced electrode conductivity was achieved sequentially by constructing a conductive polymer (PEDOT: PSS) on a screen-printed carbon electrode (SPCE), followed by electrodeposition with gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) and, finally, by modification with positively charged 1-methyl-4-mercaptopyridine (1-m-4-MP) using an Au–S bond. Tyramine was isolated selectively and pre-concentrated by the MISPE technique; electroanalysis that used differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) in NaOH (0.1 M, pH 13) was conducted successively. Experimental parameters (such as modes of electrode modification, ratio of PEDOT: PSS, pH of electrolyte, time required for AuNP deposition, and 1-m-4-MP concentrations) that were associated with optimal detection conditions were evaluated also. We obtained a linear concentration range (5–100 nM, R2=0.9939) with LOD and sensitivity at 2.31 nM, and 3.11 μA nM−1 cm−2, respectively. The applicability of our technique was demonstrated by analyzing tyramine in spiked serum and milk. The feature of our newly developed analytical methods that coupled sample pre-treatment (sample clean-up and pre-concentration) with sensitive detection makes it a promising tool for quantifying of tyramine.
Subjects
1-Methyl-4-pyridine
Electrochemical analysis
Gold nanoparticles
PEDOT: PSS
Tyramine
SDGs
Publisher
Elsevier Ltd
Type
journal article