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Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item: https://scholars.lib.ntu.edu.tw/handle/123456789/425139
Title: Determination of hand soil loading, soil transfer, and particle size variations after hand-pressing and hand-mouthing activities
Authors: HSING-CHENG HSI 
Hu, Ching Yao
Tsou, Ming Chien
Hu, Han Jung
Özkaynak, Halûk
Bradham, Karen
ZENG-YEI HSEU 
Dang, Winston
Chien, Ling Chu
Keywords: Exposure | Health risk | Mouthing activity | Soil loading | Soil texture | Soil transfer
Issue Date: 15-Jun-2018
Publisher: ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
Journal Volume: 627
Start page/Pages: 844
Source: Science of the Total Environment
Abstract: 
© 2018 Elsevier B.V. Hand-pressing trials and hand-to-mouth soil transfer experiments were conducted to better understand soil loadings, soil transfer ratios for three mouthing activities, and variations in particle size distributions under various conditions. Results indicated that sand caused higher soil loadings on the hand than clay. When the moisture level of clay soil exceeded its liquid limit, soil loadings also increased. Greater pressing pressures also led to larger clay loadings. Clay with a moisture content close to its plastic limit caused the smallest soil loadings due to strong soil cohesion. Particle sizes of the transferred clay were larger than that of the original clay, indicating that hand-pressing and the pressure exerted may have enhanced clay particles of larger sizes adhering onto the hand. Nevertheless, the sizes of most particles that adhered to the hand were still smaller than 150 μm. Higher pressing pressures and greater moisture contents resulted in larger soil loadings on the hand, and transfer ratios became smaller. Transfer ratios from palm-licking with clay particles were smaller than those from finger-mouthing, which may have been due to finer particles that more readily adhered to the skin of the palm and that were transferred from the hand to the mouth with greater difficulty.
URI: https://scholars.lib.ntu.edu.tw/handle/123456789/425139
ISSN: 00489697
DOI: https://api.elsevier.com/content/abstract/scopus_id/85041533863
10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.01.308
Appears in Collections:環境工程學研究所

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