Adverse effects of acrolein, a ubiquitous environmental toxicant, on muscle regeneration and mass
Journal
Journal of Cachexia, Sarcopenia and Muscle
Journal Volume
10
Journal Issue
1
Pages
165-176
Date Issued
2019
Author(s)
Abstract
Background: Acrolein is an extremely electrophilic aldehyde. Increased urinary acrolein adducts have been found in type 2 diabetic patients and people with a smoking habit. The increased blood acrolein was shown in patients who received the cancer drug cyclophosphamide. Both diabetes and smoking are risk factors for skeletal muscle wasting or atrophy. Acrolein has been found to induce myotube atrophy in vitro. The in vitro and in vivo effects and mechanisms of acrolein on myogenesis and the in vivo effect of acrolein on muscle wasting still remain unclear. Methods: C2C12 myoblasts were used to assess the effects of low-dose acrolein (0.125–1?μM) on myogenesis in vitro. Mice were exposed daily to acrolein in distilled water by oral administration (2.5 and 5?mg/kg) for 4?weeks with or without glycerol-induced muscle injury to investigate the effects of acrolein on muscle wasting and regeneration. Results: Non-cytotoxic-concentration acrolein dose dependently inhibited myogenic differentiation in myoblasts (myotube formation inhibition: 0.5 and 1?μM, 66.25% and 46.25% control, respectively, n?=?4, P?
SDGs
Other Subjects
acrolein; atrogin 1; distilled water; glycerol; myogenin; myosin heavy chain; protein kinase B; acrolein; creatine kinase; glycerol; protein kinase B; adverse outcome; animal cell; animal experiment; Article; C2C12 cell line; controlled study; cytotoxic concentration; down regulation; drug exposure; gene overexpression; in vitro study; low drug dose; male; mouse; muscle atrophy; muscle development; muscle exercise; muscle fatigue; muscle injury; muscle mass; muscle regeneration; myoblast; myotube; nonhuman; priority journal; protein expression; protein phosphorylation; soleus muscle; upregulation; animal; cell differentiation; cell line; cell survival; drug effect; genetics; Institute for Cancer Research mouse; metabolism; muscle disease; pathology; physiology; pollutant; regeneration; skeletal muscle; toxicity; Acrolein; Animals; Cell Differentiation; Cell Line; Cell Survival; Creatine Kinase; Environmental Pollutants; Glycerol; Male; Mice, Inbred ICR; Muscle Development; Muscle Fatigue; Muscle, Skeletal; Muscular Diseases; Myoblasts; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt; Regeneration
Publisher
Wiley Blackwell
Type
journal article