Functional comparison of high and low molecular weight chitosan on lipid metabolism and signals in high-fat diet-fed rats
Journal
Marine Drugs
Journal Volume
16
Journal Issue
8
Date Issued
2018
Author(s)
Abstract
The present study examined and compared the effects of low- and high-molecular weight (MW) chitosan, a nutraceutical, on lipid metabolism in the intestine and liver of high-fat (HF) diet-fed rats. High-MW chitosan as well as low-MW chitosan decreased liver weight, elongated the small intestine, improved the dysregulation of blood lipids and liver fat accumulation, and increased fecal lipid excretion in rats fed with HF diets. Supplementation of both high- and low-MW chitosan markedly inhibited the suppressed phosphorylated adenosine monophosphate (AMP)-activated protein kinase-α (AMPKα) and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-α (PPARα) protein expressions, and the increased lipogenesis/cholesterogenesis-associated protein expressions [peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ (PPARγ), sterol regulatory element binding protein-1c and -2 (SREBP1c and SREBP2)] and the suppressed apolipoprotein E (ApoE) and microsomal triglyceride transfer protein (MTTP) protein expressions in the livers of rats fed with HF diets. Supplementation with both a low- and high-MW chitosan could also suppress the increased MTTP protein expression and the decreased angiopoietin-like protein-4 (Angptl4) expression in the intestines of rats fed with HF diets. In comparison between low- and high-MW chitosan, high-MW chitosan exhibits a higher efficiency than low-MW chitosan on the inhibition of intestinal lipid absorption and an increase of hepatic fatty acid oxidation, which can improve liver lipid biosynthesis and accumulation. ? 2018 by the authors.
Subjects
High; Lipid metabolism; Liver lipid accumulation; Low molecular weight chitosan
SDGs
Other Subjects
adenylate kinase; apolipoprotein E; chitosan; microsomal triglyceride transfer protein; peroxisome proliferator activated receptor alpha; sterol regulatory element binding protein 1c; sterol regulatory element binding protein 2; chitosan; hypocholesterolemic agent; lipid; animal tissue; Article; body weight; cholesterol synthesis; controlled study; enzyme phosphorylation; fatty acid oxidation; lipid blood level; lipid diet; lipid metabolism; lipid storage; lipogenesis; liver weight; male; molecular weight; nonhuman; protein expression; rat; small intestine; animal; blood; chemistry; comparative study; dietary supplement; disease model; drug effect; glucose blood level; human; intestine; intestine absorption; lipid diet; lipid metabolism; liver; metabolic syndrome X; metabolism; molecular weight; oxidation reduction reaction; Sprague Dawley rat; Animals; Anticholesteremic Agents; Blood Glucose; Chitosan; Diet, High-Fat; Dietary Supplements; Disease Models, Animal; Humans; Intestinal Absorption; Intestines; Lipid Metabolism; Lipids; Lipogenesis; Liver; Male; Metabolic Syndrome; Molecular Weight; Oxidation-Reduction; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley
Publisher
MDPI AG
Type
journal article