Heterogeneity and phylogenetic relationships of community-associated methicillin-sensitive/resistant Staphylococcus aureus isolates in healthy dogs, cats and their owners
Journal
Journal of Applied Microbiology
Journal Volume
112
Journal Issue
1
Pages
205-213
Date Issued
2012
Author(s)
Abstract
Aims: To investigate the distribution of staphylococcal enterotoxin genes (se) and the molecular features of community-associated methicillin-sensitive/resistant Staphylococcus aureus (CA-MSSA/MRSA) isolates in the nostrils of healthy pets and their owners. Methods and Results: A total of 114 Staph. aureus isolates were identified from 1563 nasal swab samples, and CA-MRSA accounted for 20·2% (n=23) of the total identified isolates. CA-MRSA isolates (91·3%, 21/23) harboured higher percentage of se than did CA-MSSA isolates (58·2%, 53/91) (P<0·01), and the two highest se profiles of CA-MRSA were seb-sek-seq (42·9%, 9/21) and seb-sek-seq-sep (28·6%, 6/21). Of the MSSAs, 42·8% (39/91) were resistant to at least one antimicrobial drug and 8·8% (8/91) were multidrug resistant (MDR). We identified nine staphylocoagulase (SC) types (I-VIII and X) and three multilocus sequence types (ST59-MRSA-IV/V, ST-239-MRSA-V and ST241-MRSA-V). SC VII (23·4%, 22/94), a staphylococcal food poisoning isolate found mainly in Japan, and ST-59-MRSA-IV/V (85%, 17/20), a widespread CA-MRSA clone found mainly in Taiwan, both were the most predominant types. Phylogenetic analysis together with se and molecular characteristics obtained using pulsed-field gel electrophoresis showed that high levels of antimicrobial resistance and the se-carrying clone ST59-MRSA-IV/V-SC VII were all clustered in genogroup 5. Conclusions: The CA-MRSA clone of se-carrying-MDR-ST-59-IV/V-SC VII was identified predominantly in this study, and this clone might play a significant role in staphylococcal food poisoning in community settings. Significance and Impact of the Study: To our knowledge, this is the first study focussing on enterotoxin-carrying CA-MRSA/MSSA in pets and their owners, and the results support the future warnings in animal-human bond caused by CA-staphylococci in the commonwealth and the need to take cautions worldwide. ? 2011 The Authors. Journal of Applied Microbiology ? 2011 The Society for Applied Microbiology.
SDGs
Other Subjects
cefoxitin; chloramphenicol; clindamycin; coagulase; erythromycin; gentamicin; oxacillin; rifampicin; Staphylococcus enterotoxin; tetracycline; vancomycin; antibiotic resistance; antimicrobial activity; bacterium; canid; chromosome; domestic species; electrokinesis; felid; food poisoning; gene expression; health risk; heterogeneity; microbial community; phylogenetics; public health; relatedness; toxin; antibiotic resistance; antibiotic sensitivity; article; bacterium identification; bacterium isolate; cat; coagulase positive Staphylococcus; controlled study; dog; gene cluster; genetic heterogeneity; heterozygote; human; methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus; methicillin susceptible Staphylococcus aureus; molecular cloning; multidrug resistance; multilocus sequence typing; nonhuman; nose; nose smear; phylogeny; pulsed field gel electrophoresis; staphylococcal food poisoning; Animals; Anti-Infective Agents; Cats; Coagulase; DNA, Bacterial; Dogs; Electrophoresis, Gel, Pulsed-Field; Enterotoxins; Genetic Heterogeneity; Genotype; Humans; Methicillin Resistance; Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Phylogeny; Prevalence; Staphylococcus aureus; Taiwan; Japan; Taiwan; Animalia; Canis familiaris; methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus; Staphylococcus; Staphylococcus aureus
Type
journal article