Analog transmission line model for simulation of systemic circulation
Journal
IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering
Journal Volume
44
Journal Issue
1
Pages
90-94
Date Issued
1997
Author(s)
Abstract
A simple four-tube arteries-microvessels-veins system which simulates a more realistic loading for human circulation was built using transmission line network. Hemodynamic data from literature are used in the fluid-circuit analogy, and the flow leakage and viscoelastic properties of the blood vessels have been considered. The effect of veins on the input impedance spectrum was found to be negligibly small above 0.5 Hz. The predicted input impedance spectra agree reasonably well with the published measurements both in shape and magnitude. Parametric analysis shows that the changes of vascular properties in the lower body affect the first minimum, and the changes in the upper body influence the second minimum. The blood flow in and out of kidney and liver dominates the sortie impedance from 0 to 5 Hz. Decreasing capacitance (i.e., increasing arterial stiffness due to aging), reducing the lumen area, or decreasing the length of blood vessels result in an increase in the impedance modulus, and the first minimum shift to a higher frequency which agree well with experiments. In the current model, the pressure, flow waveform, and local impedance can be predicted at any location along the circulatory tree. The characteristic of arterial pulse propagation resembles published measurements.
Subjects
hemodynamics; Physiologic model; transmission line; vascular impedence
SDGs
Other Subjects
aging; aorta; aorta valve regurgitation; article; blood vessel diameter; cardiovascular disease; cardiovascular system; congestive cardiomyopathy; hemodynamics; hypertension; impedance; kidney blood vessel; liver blood flow; mitral valve regurgitation; Arteries; Blood Circulation; Electric Impedance; Hemodynamic Processes; Humans; Models, Cardiovascular; Veins
Type
journal article