Angiotensin-converting enzyme genotype and peripheral arterial disease in diabetic patients
Journal
Experimental Diabetes Research
Journal Volume
2012
Pages
698695
Date Issued
2012
Author(s)
Abstract
We investigated the effect of traditional risk factors (hypertension, dyslipidemia and smoking) on the association between angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) gene insertion/deletion (I/D) polymorphism and peripheral arterial disease (PAD) in 945 (454 men and 491 women) Taiwanese type 2 diabetic patients with a mean age of 63.5 (SD: 11.4) years. Among them, 81 (31 men and 50 women) had PAD (ankle-brachial index <0.9). The adjusted odds ratios (95 confidence intervals) were 2.48 (1.18-5.21), 1.69 (1.00-2.85) and 1.64 (1.12-2.39), respectively, for recessive (DD versus II + ID), dominant (DD + ID versus II) and additive (II = 0, ID = 1 and DD = 2) models. While analyzing the interaction between DD and the individual risk factor of hypertension, smoking and dyslipidemia, patients with the risk factor and with DD had the highest risk compared to referent patients without the risk factor and with II/ID. The respective adjusted odds ratios were 5.41 (2.05-14.31), 7.38 (1.87-29.06) and 4.64 (1.70-12.64). We did not find a significant interaction between DD and any of the risk factors under multiplicative or additive scale. In conclusion, traditional risk factors (hypertension, smoking and dyslipidemia) play an important role in the association between ACE genotypes and PAD. Patients with DD genotype and traditional risk factors are at the highest risk. Copyright ? 2012 Chin-Hsiao Tseng et al.
SDGs
Other Subjects
dipeptidyl carboxypeptidase; ACE protein, human; dipeptidyl carboxypeptidase; aged; article; confidence interval; controlled study; diabetic patient; disease association; dyslipidemia; female; gene deletion; gene insertion; genetic polymorphism; genotype; human; hypertension; major clinical study; male; peripheral occlusive artery disease; priority journal; risk; smoking; Asian; diabetic angiopathy; ethnology; genetic predisposition; genetics; genotype; indel mutation; middle aged; non insulin dependent diabetes mellitus; peripheral occlusive artery disease; physiology; risk factor; Taiwan; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Asian Continental Ancestry Group; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Diabetic Angiopathies; Female; Genetic Predisposition to Disease; Genotype; Humans; INDEL Mutation; Male; Middle Aged; Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A; Peripheral Arterial Disease; Polymorphism, Genetic; Risk Factors; Taiwan
Type
journal article