Long-term durability of responses to 2 or 3 doses of hepatitis a vaccination in human immunodeficiency virus-positive adults on antiretroviral therapy
Journal
Journal of Infectious Diseases
Journal Volume
215
Journal Issue
4
Pages
606-613
Date Issued
2017
Author(s)
Tsai M.-S.
Liu W.-C.
Su Y.-C.
Wu P.-Y.
Abstract
Background. Previous studies have shown that the durability of serological response is impaired in successfully vaccinated human immunodeficiency virus1 (HIV-1) positive subjects after receiving 2 doses of inactivated hepatitis A virus (HAV) vaccine. We evaluated whether 3 doses compared with 2 doses of HAV vaccine could improve the long-term seroprotection for this susceptible group. Methods. Antibody persistence among HIV-positive men who have sex with men aged 1840 years who had received 2 or 3 doses of HAV vaccine according to a 06- or a 016-month schedule was evaluated biannually for 5 consecutive years in this prospective, nonrandomized cohort study. Results. At the end of 5 years, seroprotection persisted in 79% (146/185) versus 76% (85/110) and 94% (146/155) versus 88% (84/95) of the 3- versus 2-dose primary responders by intention-to-treat and per-protocol analyses, respectively (P ? .05). Throughout the 5 years, the geometric mean concentrations of anti-HAV immunoglobulin G (IgG) were significantly higher for the 3-dose than the 2-dose group. In the multivariable analysis, a 3-dose regimen compared with a 2-dose regimen (odds ratio = 3.36; 95% confidence interval = 1.149.93) was independently associated with sustained seroprotection. Conclusions. Three doses versus 2 doses of HAV vaccine improve the durability of immune responses in terms of higher concentrations of specific IgG, which take longer to decay to subthreshold levels.
SDGs
Other Subjects
antiretrovirus agent; bilirubin; hepatitis A vaccine; immunoglobulin G antibody; antiretrovirus agent; hepatitis A antibody; hepatitis A vaccine; immunoglobulin G; inactivated vaccine; virus RNA; adult; antibody titer; antiretroviral therapy; Article; bilirubin blood level; CD4 lymphocyte count; cohort analysis; controlled clinical trial; controlled study; disease association; drug efficacy; hepatitis A; high risk behavior; human; Human immunodeficiency virus; Human immunodeficiency virus infection; incidence; intention to treat analysis; major clinical study; male; men who have sex with men; prospective study; seroconversion; treatment response; virus load; adolescent; blood; dose response; follow up; hepatitis A; HIV Infections; immunology; isolation and purification; longitudinal study; multivariate analysis; secondary immunization; time factor; vaccination; young adult; Adolescent; Adult; Anti-Retroviral Agents; CD4 Lymphocyte Count; Dose-Response Relationship, Immunologic; Follow-Up Studies; Hepatitis A; Hepatitis A Antibodies; Hepatitis A Vaccines; HIV Infections; Humans; Immunization, Secondary; Immunoglobulin G; Longitudinal Studies; Male; Multivariate Analysis; Prospective Studies; RNA, Viral; Time Factors; Vaccination; Vaccines, Inactivated; Viral Load; Young Adult
Type
journal article