Urinary phthalate metabolites, coronary heart disease, and atherothrombotic markers
Journal
Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety
Journal Volume
173
Pages
37-44
Date Issued
2019
Author(s)
Abstract
Cross-sectional studies have described an association between exposure to phthalate esters and cardiovascular risk factors. However, the association with coronary heart disease (CHD) is still unclear. A total of 180 subjects randomly selected from 336 CHD patients, and 360 age- and sex-matched non-CHD controls were included from 2008 to 2011. Urinary metabolites of phthalate esters were measured by liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry. The geometric means of urinary phthalates metabolites were significantly higher for the three Di-(2-ethylhexyl)-phthalate (DEHP) metabolites, mono?2?ethylhexyl phthalate (MEHP), mono?(2?ethyl?5?hydroxyhexyl) phthalate, and mono?(2?ethyl?5?oxohexyl) phthalate among CHD patients in-hospital than those of being discharged. Excluding 89 CHD patients of in-hospital and hospital discharge within 2 days, we found the urinary concentrations of MEHP, mono?n?butyl phthalate (MnBP), and mono-isobutyl phthalate (MiBP) of 91 CHD patients discharged ? 3 days were higher than those of controls. Among 451 participants, those with higher tertile levels of urinary MEHP, MnBP, and MiBP showed an increased risk for CHD compared to those with lowest tertile levels; the corresponding odds ratios (95% CI) were 2.77 (1.22–6.28), 2.90 (1.32–6.4), and 3.19 (1.41–7.21), respectively, after adjustment for confounders. Higher levels of hs-CRP, fibrinogen, and D-dimer were linked with increased levels of all DEHP metabolites in CHD patients. In conclusion, exposure to DEHP and dibutyl phthalates was positively associated with CHD and this relationship may be probably mediated via atherothrombosis. ? 2019 Elsevier Inc.
SDGs
Other Subjects
biological marker; C reactive protein; D dimer; fibrinogen; mono isobutyl phthalate; mono n butyl phthalate; mono(2 ethyl 5 hydroxyhexyl)phthalate; mono(2 ethyl 5 oxohexyl)phthalate; phthalic acid 2 ethylhexyl monoester; phthalic acid bis(2 ethylhexyl) ester; phthalic acid ester; unclassified drug; biological marker; phthalic acid derivative; cardiovascular disease; metabolite; phthalate; urine; adult; Article; cardiovascular risk; case control study; clinical feature; cohort analysis; controlled study; disease association; environmental exposure; female; hospital admission; hospital discharge; human; ischemic heart disease; length of stay; liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry; longitudinal study; major clinical study; male; metabolite; middle aged; thrombosis; urinalysis; urine level; urine sampling; analysis; blood; chemistry; coronary artery disease; cross-sectional study; pollutant; risk factor; urine; Adult; Biomarkers; Coronary Disease; Cross-Sectional Studies; Environmental Exposure; Environmental Pollutants; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Phthalic Acids; Risk Factors
Publisher
Academic Press
Type
journal article