A revisit of prophylactic lamivudine for chemotherapy-associated hepatitis B reactivation in non-Hodgkin's lymphoma: A randomized trial
Journal
Hepatology
Journal Volume
47
Journal Issue
3
Pages
844-853
Date Issued
2008
Author(s)
Hsiung C.A.
Su I.-J.
Hwang W.-S.
Wang M.-C.
Lin S.-F.
Lin T.-H.
Hsiao H.-H.
Young J.-H.
Chang M.-C.
Liao Y.-M.
Li C.-C.
Wu H.-B.
Chao T.-Y.
Liu T.-W.
Abstract
Lamivudine is effective to control hepatitis B virus (HBV) reactivation in HBV-carrying cancer patients who undergo chemotherapy, but the optimal treatment protocol remains undetermined. In this study, HBV carriers with newly diagnosed non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) who underwent chemotherapy were randomized to either prophylactic (P) or therapeutic (T) lamivudine treatment groups. Group P patients started lamivudine from day 1 of the first course of chemotherapy and continued treatment until 2 months after completion of chemotherapy. Group T patients received chemotherapy alone and started lamivudine treatment only if serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels elevated to greater than 1.5-fold of the upper normal limit (ULN). The primary endpoint was incidence of HBV reactivation during the 12 months after starting chemotherapy. During chemotherapy, fewer group P patients had HBV reactivation (11.5% versus 56%, P = 0.001), HBV-related hepatitis (7.7% versus 48%, P = 0.001), or severe hepatitis (ALT more than 10-fold ULN) (0 versus 36%, P < 0.001). No hepatitis-related deaths occurred during protocol treatment. Prophylactic lamivudine use was the only independent predictor of HBV reactivation. After completion of chemotherapy, the incidence of HBV reactivation did not differ between the 2 groups. Two patients, both in group P, died of HBV reactivation-related hepatitis, 173 and 182 days, respectively, after completion of protocol treatment. When compared with an equivalent group of lamivudine-na?ve lymphoma patients who underwent chemotherapy, therapeutic use of lamivudine neither reduced the severity of HBV-related hepatitis nor changed the patterns of HBV reactivation. Conclusion: Prophylactic lamivudine use, but not therapeutic use, reduces the incidence and severity of chemotherapy-related HBV reactivation in NHL patients. Copyright ? 2007 by the American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases.
SDGs
Other Subjects
alanine aminotransferase; antineoplastic agent; cyclophosphamide; doxorubicin; lamivudine; prednisolone; vincristine; antivirus agent; lamivudine; adolescent; adult; aged; alanine aminotransferase blood level; article; bone marrow suppression; cancer chemotherapy; clinical protocol; clinical trial; comparative study; controlled clinical trial; controlled study; disease severity; female; hepatitis B; Hepatitis B virus; human; incidence; infection prevention; infection risk; liver failure; major clinical study; male; multiple cycle treatment; nonhodgkin lymphoma; prediction; priority journal; randomization; randomized controlled trial; risk reduction; side effect; treatment duration; virus carrier; virus reactivation; hepatitis B; middle aged; mortality; nonhodgkin lymphoma; recurrent disease; survival; treatment outcome; Adult; Aged; Antiviral Agents; Female; Hepatitis B; Humans; Lamivudine; Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin; Male; Middle Aged; Recurrence; Survival Analysis; Treatment Outcome
Publisher
John Wiley and Sons Ltd
Type
journal article