Niclosamide inhibits the cell proliferation and enhances the responsiveness of esophageal cancer cells to chemotherapeutic agents
Journal
Oncology Reports
Journal Volume
43
Journal Issue
2
Pages
549-561
Date Issued
2020
Author(s)
Abstract
Niclosamide is an FDA-approved anthelmintic drug, and may elicit antineoplastic effects through direct STAT3 inhibition, which has been revealed in numerous human cancer cells. Chemotherapy is the standard treatment for advanced esophageal cancers, but also causes severe systemic side effects. The present study represents the first study evaluating the anticancer efficacy of niclosamide in esophageal cancers. Through western blot assay, it was demonstrated that niclosamide suppressed the STAT3 signaling pathway in esophageal adenocarcinoma cells (BE3) and esophageal squamous cell carcinoma cells (CE48T and CE81T). In addition, niclosamide inhibited cell proliferation as determined by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-5-(3-carboxymethoxyphenyl)-2-(4-sulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium)-5-(3-carboxymethoxyphenyl)-2-(4-sulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium (MTS) assay and soft agar colony forming assay, and induced cell apoptosis as determined by Annexin V and PI staining. The induction of p21 and G1 arrest of the cell cycle also was revealed in niclosamide-treated CE81T cells by qPCR and flow cytometric assays, respectively. Furthermore, in the combination analysis of niclosamide and chemotherapeutic agents by MTS assay, low IC50 values were detected in cells co-treated with niclosamide, with the exception of cisplatin?treated CE81T cells. To confirm the results using an apoptosis assay, the apoptotic enhancement of niclosamide was only demonstrated in CE48T cells co-treated with 5-FU, cisplatin, or paclitaxel, and in BE3 cells co-treated with paclitaxel, but not in CE81T cells. These findings indicate a future clinical application of niclosamide in esophageal cancers. ? 2020 Spandidos Publications. All rights reserved.
SDGs
Other Subjects
cisplatin; fluorouracil; lipocortin 5; niclosamide; paclitaxel; protein p21; STAT3 protein; antineoplastic agent; cisplatin; fluorouracil; niclosamide; paclitaxel; STAT3 protein; STAT3 protein, human; antiproliferative activity; apoptosis; Article; BE3 cell; cancer chemotherapy; CE48T cell; CE81T/VGH cell line; clinical evaluation; controlled study; drug efficacy; esophageal adenocarcinoma cell line; esophageal cancer cell line; esophageal squamous cell carcinoma cell line; esophagus cancer; flow cytometry; G1 phase cell cycle checkpoint; human; human cell; IC50; MTS assay; priority journal; signal transduction; treatment response; Western blotting; adenocarcinoma; cell cycle; cell proliferation; drug effect; drug potentiation; esophageal squamous cell carcinoma; esophagus tumor; gene expression regulation; metabolism; tumor cell line; Adenocarcinoma; Antineoplastic Agents; Cell Cycle; Cell Line, Tumor; Cell Proliferation; Cisplatin; Drug Synergism; Esophageal Neoplasms; Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma; Fluorouracil; Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; Humans; Niclosamide; Paclitaxel; Signal Transduction; STAT3 Transcription Factor
Publisher
Spandidos Publications
Type
journal article