Online, Continuous, and Interference-Free Monitoring of Trace Heavy Metals in Water Using Plasma Spectroscopy Driven by Actively Modulated Pulsed Power
Journal
Environmental Science and Technology
Journal Volume
53
Journal Issue
18
Pages
10888-10896
Date Issued
2019
Author(s)
Abstract
the solutions' conductivity and modulated in real time the pulse width based on the conductivity. We demonstrated the online monitoring of the metallic elements. The results show that multiple metallic elements, namely Pb and Zn, can be independently and simultaneously detected with less than a 10% variation in the corresponding optical emission lines in solutions with a wide range of conductivity. An alert system was integrated to demonstrate the capability of an instant warning via e-mail once metallic elements were detected. Finally, we demonstrated that this system was robust even with the existence of several interferences and able to perform online continuous monitoring for days. We believe the system using plasma spectroscopy with AMPP for online monitoring of metals in water will have a significant impact on the fields of environmental monitoring and protection.
Type
journal article