The association between various characteristics of hypnotics and cardiac autonomic control in community-dwelling older adults: the Yilan Study, Taiwan
Journal
Sleep Medicine
Journal Volume
71
Pages
77-82
Date Issued
2020
Author(s)
Abstract
Background: Alteration of cardiac autonomic function may underlie the link between hypnotics use and the risk for cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. This study aimed to examine the relationship between the various characteristics of benzodiazepine receptor agonists (BzRAs) and heart rate variability (HRV). Methods: A community-based survey using the cohort from the Yilan Study, Taiwan was conducted. Older adults aged 65 and older were randomly selected to participate from August 2013 to November 2016. Cardiac autonomic function was evaluated using HRV, and the lowest quartiles of HRV parameters were defined as unhealthy. Those who used BzRAs as a sleep aid were defined as BzRA hypnotic users. The characteristics of BzRA use were further detailed and included the half-life, drug compound, frequency of use, and cumulative daily equivalent dosage. Results: Of all participants, 379 (14.5%) were BzRA hypnotic users. After controlling for covariates, BzRA hypnotic users had a higher risk for unhealthier HRV than non-users. Among all BzRA hypnotic users, those who only used benzodiazepines (BZDs), used short half-life BzRAs, and used the middle tertile of daily cumulative BZD equivalent had a higher risk for poor total power (odds ratio [OR]: 2.11, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.07–4.16), high frequency (OR: 3.43, 95% CI: 1.07–10.97), and high frequency (OR: 2.94, 95% CI: 1.35–6.42), respectively, than their counterparts. Conclusions: BzRA hypnotics are linked with poor cardiac autonomic function. Various characteristics of BzRA hypnotics showed an independent pattern of association with cardiac autonomic function. ? 2020 Elsevier B.V.
Subjects
Aging; Epidemiology; Gerontology; Heart rate variability; Pharmacology; Sedative-hypnotic/Wake promoting
SDGs
Other Subjects
benzodiazepine receptor stimulating agent; hypnotic agent; aged; Article; body mass; cerebrovascular accident; cohort analysis; community dwelling person; controlled study; cross-sectional study; diabetes mellitus; drug dose regimen; drug half life; drug use; female; frequency analysis; geriatric patient; gout; heart disease; heart rate variability; human; hyperlipidemia; hypertension; major clinical study; male; malignant neoplasm; priority journal; Taiwan
Type
journal article