Recurrent aphthous stomatitis – Etiology, serum autoantibodies, anemia, hematinic deficiencies, and management
Journal
Journal of the Formosan Medical Association
Journal Volume
118
Journal Issue
9
Pages
1279-1289
Date Issued
2019
Author(s)
Abstract
Recurrent aphthous stomatitis (RAS) is one of the most common oral mucosal diseases characterized by recurrent and painful ulcerations on the movable or nonkeratinized oral mucosae. Clinically, three types of RAS, namely minor, major, and herpetiform types, can be identified. RAS more commonly affects labial mucosa, buccal mucosa, and tongue. Previous studies indicate that RAS is a multifactorial T cell-mediated immune-dysregulated disease. Factors that modify the immunologic responses in RAS include genetic predisposition, viral and bacterial infections, food allergies, vitamin and microelement deficiencies, systemic diseases, hormonal imbalance, mechanical injuries, and stress. Our previous study found the presence of serum gastric parietal cell antibody, thyroglobulin antibody, and thyroid microsomal antibody in 13.0%, 19.4%, and 19.7% of 355 RAS patients, respectively. We also found anemia, serum iron, vitamin B12, and folic acid deficiencies, and hyperhomocysteinemia in 20.9%, 20.1%, 4.8%, 2.6%, and 7.7% of 273 RAS patients, respectively. Therefore, it is very important to examine the complete blood count, serum autoantibody, hematinic, and homocysteine levels in RAS patients before we start to offer treatments for RAS. Because RAS is an immunologically-mediated disease, topical and systemic corticosteroid therapies are the main treatments of choice for RAS. ? 2018 Formosan Medical Association
SDGs
Other Subjects
analgesic agent; anthelmintic agent; antiinflammatory agent; autoantibody; colchicine; corticosteroid; dapsone; immunomodulating agent; immunosuppressive agent; levamisole; microsome antibody; parietal cell antibody; pentoxifylline; prednisone; thalidomide; thyroglobulin antibody; antianemic agent; autoantibody; cyanocobalamin; folic acid; hemoglobin; iron; anemia; antibody blood level; aphthous stomatitis; corticosteroid therapy; disease classification; folic acid deficiency; human; hyperhomocysteinemia; immunosuppressive treatment; mineral deficiency; nutritional deficiency; pathogenesis; Review; anemia; aphthous stomatitis; blood; immunology; mean corpuscular volume; recurrent disease; stomach parietal cell; Anemia; Autoantibodies; Erythrocyte Indices; Folic Acid; Hematinics; Hemoglobins; Humans; Hyperhomocysteinemia; Iron; Parietal Cells, Gastric; Recurrence; Stomatitis, Aphthous; Vitamin B 12
Publisher
Elsevier B.V.
Type
review