Seroprevalence of hepatitis B virus among adults at high risk for HIV transmission two decades after implementation of nationwide hepatitis B virus vaccination program in Taiwan
Journal
PLoS ONE
Journal Volume
9
Journal Issue
2
Pages
e90194
Date Issued
2014
Author(s)
Cheng C.-Y.
Lee N.-Y.
Yang C.-J.
Liang S.-H.
Tsai M.-S.
Ko W.-C.
Liu W.-C.
Wu P.-Y.
Wu C.-H.
Lin H.-H.
Abstract
Background: Seroprevalence of hepatitis B virus (HBV) after implementation of universal neonatal HBV vaccination and catch-up vaccination programs remains rarely investigated among the adults who were born in the vaccination era (in or after 1986) and engaged in high-risk sexual behaviors. Materials and Methods: Between 2006 and 2012, we determined HBV surface antigen ([HBsAg), anti-HBs, and HBV core antibody (anti-HBc), hepatitis C virus antibody (anti-HCV) and rapid plasma reagin titers among HIV-infected men who have sex with men (MSM) born during 1984-1985 (Group I: 244 persons) and those born in or after 1986 (Group II: 523), and HIV-uninfected MSM (Group III: 377) and heterosexuals (Group IV: 217) born in or after 1986. Prevalence and incidence of HBV infection were estimated and multivariate analysis was performed to identify factors associated with HBsAg positivity. Results: Compared with Group I, Groups II-IV had a significantly lower prevalence of HBsAg positivity (7.8% vs 3.7%, 2.4%, and 3.2%, respectively); and the prevalence of anti-HBc positivity was also lower for Groups III and IV (30.3% vs. 19.6%, and 18.0%, respectively), but no difference was observed between Groups I and II (30.3% vs. 26.3%). In multivariate analysis, HBsAg positivity was significantly associated with syphilis (adjusted odds ratio, 2.990; 95% confidence interval, 1.502-5.953) and anti-HCV positivity (adjusted odds ratio, 3.402; 95% confidence interval, 1.091-10.614). In subjects of Group II with allnegative HBV markers at baseline, the incidence rate of HBsAg seroconversion was 0.486 episodes per 100 person-years; and for those who received combination antiretroviral therapy containing lamivudine and/or tenofovir, none developed HBsAg seroconversion during the follow-up. Conclusions: Among the adults who were born in or after 1986 and engaged in high-risk sexual behaviors in Taiwan, neonatal HBV vaccination and catch-up vaccination programs conferred long-term protection against HBsAg seroconversion and HBsAg positivity was associated with syphilis and anti-HCV positivity. ? 2014 Sun et al.
SDGs
Other Subjects
hepatitis B core antibody; hepatitis B surface antigen; hepatitis B vaccine; hepatitis C antibody; lamivudine; reaginic antibody; tenofovir disoproxil; adult; article; controlled study; hepatitis B; Hepatitis B virus; heterosexuality; high risk population; human; Human immunodeficiency virus infection; major clinical study; male; men who have sex with men; morbidity; multivariate analysis; seroconversion; seroprevalence; sexual behavior; syphilis; Taiwan; vaccination; virus transmission; Adult; Antibodies, Viral; Chronic Disease; Female; Hepatitis B; Hepatitis B Surface Antigens; Hepatitis B virus; HIV Infections; Humans; Infant, Newborn; Male; Risk; Seroepidemiologic Studies; Syphilis; Taiwan; Vaccination
Publisher
Public Library of Science
Type
journal article