Aberrant Non-Coding RNA Expression in Patients with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: Consequences for Immune Dysfunctions and Tissue Damage
Journal
Biomolecules
Journal Volume
10
Journal Issue
12
Pages
1641
Date Issued
2020-12-06
Author(s)
Tsai, Chang-Youh
Liu, Chih-Wei
Liao, Hsien-Tzung
Lu, Cheng-Shiun
Lee, Hui-Ting
Lin, Cheng-Sung
Abstract
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a complex systemic autoimmune disease with heterogeneous clinical manifestations. A diverse innate and adaptive immune dysregulation is involved in the immunopathogenesis of SLE. The dysregulation of immune-related cells may derive from the intricate interactions among genetic, epigenetic, environmental, and immunological factors. Of these contributing factors, non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), including microRNAs (miRNAs, miRs), and long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) play critical roles in the post-transcriptional mRNA expression of cytokines, chemokines, and growth factors, which are essential for immune modulation. In the present review, we emphasize the roles of ncRNA expression in the immune-related cells and cell-free plasma, urine, and tissues contributing to the immunopathogenesis and tissue damage in SLE. In addition, the circular RNAs (circRNA) and their post-translational regulation of protein synthesis in SLE are also briefly described. We wish these critical reviews would be useful in the search for biomarkers/biosignatures and novel therapeutic strategies for SLE patients in the future.
Subjects
SLE; autoimmunity; circRNA; epigenetic regulation; lncRNA; miRNA; ncRNA
SDGs
Other Subjects
biological marker; chemokine; circular ribonucleic acid; growth factor; long untranslated RNA; messenger RNA; microRNA; untranslated RNA; chemokine; long untranslated RNA; messenger RNA; microRNA; signal peptide; autoimmune disease; autoimmunity; B lymphocyte; carcinogenesis; controlled study; DNA methylation; environmental factor; epigenetics; gene expression; genetic transcription; genome-wide association study; heredity; histone modification; human; immune dysregulation; immunomodulation; immunopathogenesis; macrophage; mental stress; mRNA expression level; natural killer cell; neutrophil; protein expression; protein function; protein processing; protein synthesis; Review; sequence analysis; systemic lupus erythematosus; T lymphocyte; tissue injury; Zika virus; adaptive immunity; blood; dendritic cell; gene expression regulation; genetics; immunology; innate immunity; pathology; systemic lupus erythematosus; Adaptive Immunity; Autoimmunity; Chemokines; Dendritic Cells; Gene Expression Regulation; Humans; Immunity, Innate; Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; Killer Cells, Natural; Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic; MicroRNAs; Neutrophils; RNA, Circular; RNA, Long Noncoding; RNA, Messenger; T-Lymphocytes
Publisher
MDPI
Type
review