Genetic differentiation of Xylella fastidiosa following the introduction into Taiwan
Journal
Microbial Genomics
Journal Volume
7
Journal Issue
12
Date Issued
2021
Author(s)
Abstract
The economically important plant pathogen Xylella fastidiosa has been reported in multiple regions of the globe during the last two decades, threatening a growing list of plants. Particularly, X. fastidiosa subspecies fastidiosa causes Pierce’s disease (PD) of grapevines, which is a problem in the USA, Spain, and Taiwan. In this work, we studied PD-causing subsp. fastidiosa populations and compared the genome sequences of 33 isolates found in Central Taiwan with 171 isolates from the USA and two from Spain. Phylogenetic relationships, haplotype networks, and genetic diversity analyses confirmed that subsp. fastidiosa was recently introduced into Taiwan from the Southeast USA (i.e. the PD-I lineage). Recent core-genome recombination events were detected among introduced subsp. fastidiosa isolates in Taiwan and contributed to the development of genetic diversity. The genetic diversity observed includes contributions through recombination from unknown donors, suggesting that higher genetic diversity exists in the region. Nevertheless, no recombination event was detected between X. fastidiosa subsp. fastidiosa and the endemic sister species Xylella taiwanensis, which is the causative agent of pear leaf scorch disease. In summary, this study improved our understanding of the genetic diversity of an important plant pathogenic bacterium after its invasion to a new region. ? 2021 The Authors.
Subjects
Genomic diversity
Grapevines
Introduction event
Pierce’s disease
Taiwan
Xylella fastidiosa
Article
bacterial strain
bacterium isolate
Bayes theorem
bioinformatics
comparative genomics
core genome
DNA extraction
gene frequency
gene sequence
genetic analysis
genetic recombination
genetic variability
genome analysis
haplotype
homologous recombination
illumina sequencing
multilocus sequence typing
mutation rate
nonhuman
phylogeny
pierce disease
plant disease
population structure
sequence alignment
shotgun sequencing
single nucleotide polymorphism
Spain
United States
Vitis
whole genome sequencing
Xylella
Xylella taiwanensis
Type
journal article