A portable biodevice to monitor salivary conductivity for the rapid assessment of fluid status
Journal
Journal of Personalized Medicine
Journal Volume
11
Journal Issue
6
Date Issued
2021
Author(s)
Abstract
The evaluation of fluid status can save adults from life-threatening conditions, but the current methods are invasive or time-consuming. Therefore, we developed a portable device for measuring salivary conductivity. This prospective observational study enrolled 20 volunteers with no history of systemic diseases. Participants were observed for 13 h, including water restriction for 12 h followed by rehydration with 1000 mL water within 1 h. Serum and urine biomarkers for fluid status, thirst scales, and salivary conductivity were collected during dehydration and rehydration. No significant differences in age, body mass index, glycohemoglobin, and estimated glomerular filtration rate were noted between sexes. Salivary conductivity increased after water restriction and decreased after rehydration. Similarly, urine osmolality, urine specific gravity, thirst intensity scales, and body weight followed the same trend and were statistically significant. The angiotensin-converting enzyme and aldosterone levels showed the same trend, without reaching statistical significance. The red blood cell count and hemoglobin concentration also followed the same trend. Analyzing the receiver operating characteristic curves, the area under the curve was 0.707 (95% confidence interval 0.542–0.873, p = 0.025). Using the Youden index, the optimal cutoff determined as 2678.09 ?s/cm (sensitivity: 90%, specificity: 55%). This biodevice effectively screened dehydration among healthy adults. ? 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.
Subjects
Fluid status
Portable biodevice
Salivary conductivity
aldosterone
biochemical marker
copeptin
creatinine
dipeptidyl carboxypeptidase
hemoglobin
adult
aldosterone blood level
area under the curve
Article
biochemical analysis
blood analysis
blood cell count
blood sampling
body composition
body fluid
body fluid compartment
body weight
controlled study
creatinine blood level
creatinine urine level
dehydration
diagnostic test accuracy study
enzyme blood level
erythrocyte count
estimated glomerular filtration rate
female
fluid balance
glucose blood level
hematocrit
hemoglobin blood level
human
human experiment
longitudinal study
male
medical parameters
normal human
observational study
receiver operating characteristic
rehydration
saliva analysis
salivary conductivity
sensitivity and specificity
sodium blood level
sodium urine level
thirst intensity
urinalysis
urinary excretion fraction
urine osmolality
urine specific gravity
water deprivation
SDGs
Type
journal article