Mortality rates in Alzheimer's disease and non-Alzheimer's dementias: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Journal
The Lancet Healthy Longevity
Journal Volume
2
Journal Issue
8
Pages
e479-e488
Date Issued
2021
Author(s)
Liang C.-S.
Li D.-J.
Yang F.-C.
Tseng P.-T.
Carvalho A.F.
Stubbs B.
Thompson T.
Mueller C.
Shin J.I.
Radua J.
Stewart R.
Rajji T.K.
Chen T.-Y.
Yeh T.-C.
Tsai C.-K.
Yu C.-L.
Pan C.-C.
Chu C.-S.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: People with dementia die prematurely. Identifying differences in mortality rates between different types of dementia might aid in the development of preventive interventions for the most vulnerable populations. The aim of this study was to compare the difference in mortality rates between individuals without dementia and individuals with various types of dementia. METHODS: For this systematic review and meta-analysis, we did a systematic search of MEDLINE, PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library from inception to July 11, 2020, for cross-sectional or cohort studies that assessed mortality and survival-related outcomes among people with different types of dementia compared with people without dementia. Single-arm studies without comparison groups and autopsy studies or family studies that used a selected sample were excluded. The Newcastle-Ottawa Scale was used by two authors (D-JL and C-SC) independently to measure the methodological quality of included studies, and two authors (F-CY and P-TT) independently extracted data. We assessed differences in all-cause mortality rate and survival time from dementia diagnosis between individuals without dementia, individuals with Alzheimer's disease, and individuals with non-Alzheimer's disease dementias. The secondary outcomes were age at death and survival time from disease onset. Random-effects meta-analyses were done. Effect sizes included hazard ratios (HRs) and mean differences (MDs) with 95% CIs. Potential moderators, including age-associated moderators, were identified through meta-regression and subgroup analyses. This study is registered with PROSPERO, CRD42020198786. FINDINGS: >75%) was observed for most of the study outcomes. INTERPRETATION: Alzheimer's disease is the most common type of dementia and one of the major causes of mortality worldwide. However, the findings from the current study suggest that non-Alzheimer's disease dementias were associated with higher morality rates and shorter life expectancy than Alzheimer's disease. Developing tailored treatment and rehabilitation programmes for different types of dementia is important for mental health providers, patients, and their families. FUNDING: None.
SDGs
Publisher
Elsevier Ltd
Type
journal article