Risk Minimizing Price-Rebate-Return Contracts in Supply Chains with Ordering and Pricing Decisions: A Multimethodological Analysis
Journal
IEEE Transactions on Engineering Management
Journal Volume
67
Journal Issue
2
Pages
466-482
Date Issued
2020
Author(s)
Abstract
In recent years, we have witnessed the wide implementation of many sophisticated supply contracts in the industry, such as the price, rebate, and return (P2R) contract. The P2R contract is offered by the manufacturer to the retailer. In this paper, a practice-based approach is adopted in which we first report the use of P2R contracts in the real world from industrial interviews. Based on the meanings of risk as revealed from the interviews, we proceed to construct analytical models and derive the minimum risk coordinating P2R (PMR?) contract, which yields the minimum level of risk for the manufacturer and coordinates the supply chain. We analytically show that the manufacturer's expected profit is increasing with the return price and the rebate value under the PMR? contract. We reveal that different risk measurements may lead to different PMR? contracts. In particular, when the price-dependent demand distribution takes the additive form, we interestingly find that the manufacturer can become riskfree in coordinating the supply chain with the PMR? contract; however, it is not the case for the multiplicative case. Furthermore, we observe that the demand distribution's shape affects the setting of the PMR? contract. Managerial implications are also discussed. ? 1988-2012 IEEE.
Subjects
Contract; coordination; practice-based operations management; return policy; sales rebate; supply chain (SC) management
SDGs
Other Subjects
Additives; Analytical models; Contracts; Costs; Industry; Manufacture; Supply chains; coordination; Demand distribution; Interviews; Managerial implications; Operations management; Price dependent demand; Return policy; Supply contracts; Risk assessment
Publisher
Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc.
Type
journal article