https://scholars.lib.ntu.edu.tw/handle/123456789/630160
標題: | Distribution and Risk of Cutaneous Leishmaniasis in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan | 作者: | Ullah, Wasia Yen, Tsai-Ying Niaz, Sadaf Nasreen, Nasreen Tsai, Yu-Feng Rodriguez-Vivas, Roger Ivan Khan, Adil KUN-HSIEN TSAI |
關鍵字: | Khyber Pakhtunkhwa; Leishmania; clinico-epidemiology; cutaneous leishmaniasis; geographic information systems (GIS) | 公開日期: | 20-二月-2023 | 出版社: | MDPI | 卷: | 8 | 期: | 2 | 來源出版物: | Tropical medicine and infectious disease | 摘要: | Cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) is a zoonotic infection caused by obligate intracellular protozoa of the genus Leishmania. This study aimed to investigate CL in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan and to estimate the risk of epidemics. Clinico-epidemiological data of 3188 CL patients were collected from health facilities in 2021. Risk factors were analyzed using the chi-square test. ArcGIS V.10.7.1 was applied for spatial analysis. The association between CL occurrence and climatic variables was examined by Bayesian geostatistical analysis. The clinical data revealed males or individuals younger than 20 years old were more affected. Most patients presented with a single lesion, and the face was the most attacked body part. CL was prevalent in the southern region in winter. A proportional symbol map, a choropleth map, and a digital elevation model map were built to show the distribution of CL. Focal transmission was predicted by inverse distance weighting interpolation. Cluster and outlier analysis identified clusters in Bannu, Dir Lower, and Mardan, and hotspot analysis suggested Bannu as a high-risk foci. Bayesian geostatistical analysis indicated that increasing precipitation and temperature as well as low altitudes were associated with CL infection. The study has provided important information for public health sectors to develop intervention strategies for future CL epidemics. |
URI: | https://scholars.lib.ntu.edu.tw/handle/123456789/630160 | ISSN: | 2414-6366 | DOI: | 10.3390/tropicalmed8020128 |
顯示於: | 環境與職業健康科學研究所 |
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