Common dietary emulsifiers promote metabolic disorders and intestinal microbiota dysbiosis in mice
Journal
Communications Biology
Journal Volume
7
Journal Issue
1
Pages
749
ISSN
2399-3642
Date Issued
2024-06-20
Author(s)
Suraphan Panyod
Chih-Ting Chang
Naohisa Wada
Han-Chen Ho
Yi-Ling Lo
Sing-Ping Tsai
Rou-An Chen
Huai-Syuan Huang
Po-Yu Liu
Yi-Hsun Chen
Hsiao-Li Chuang
Ting-Chin David Shen
Sen-Lin Tang
Chi-Tang Ho
Abstract
Dietary emulsifiers are linked to various diseases. The recent discovery of the role of gut microbiota–host interactions on health and disease warrants the safety reassessment of dietary emulsifiers through the lens of gut microbiota. Lecithin, sucrose fatty acid esters, carboxymethylcellulose (CMC), and mono- and diglycerides (MDG) emulsifiers are common dietary emulsifiers with high exposure levels in the population. This study demonstrates that sucrose fatty acid esters and carboxymethylcellulose induce hyperglycemia and hyperinsulinemia in a mouse model. Lecithin, sucrose fatty acid esters, and CMC disrupt glucose homeostasis in the in vitro insulin-resistance model. MDG impairs circulating lipid and glucose metabolism. All emulsifiers change the intestinal microbiota diversity and induce gut microbiota dysbiosis. Lecithin, sucrose fatty acid esters, and CMC do not impact mucus–bacterial interactions, whereas MDG tends to cause bacterial encroachment into the inner mucus layer and enhance inflammation potential by raising circulating lipopolysaccharide. Our findings demonstrate the safety concerns associated with using dietary emulsifiers, suggesting that they could lead to metabolic syndromes.
SDGs
Publisher
Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Type
journal article