Magnolol's Therapeutic Efficacy and Immunomodulatory Effects in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma.
Journal
In vivo (Athens, Greece)
Journal Volume
38
Journal Issue
5
Start Page
2152
End Page
2164
ISSN
1791-7549
Date Issued
2024
Author(s)
Tseng, Chien-Fu
Liao, Tsai-Lan
Hsu, Fei-Ting
Yeh, Chi-Jung
Abstract
Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) presents a significant health challenge, requiring effective treatments. Magnolol, a compound with potential anticancer properties, warrants investigation in OSCC treatment. Here, we aimed to assess the efficacy of magnolol in inhibiting progression of OSCC and to explore the underlying mechanisms of its action.
We evaluated the effect of magnolol on tumor progression using the MOC1-bearing orthotopic model. We examined its impact on pathology and toxicity through hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining, immunohistochemistry (IHC), and biochemical analysis. We also investigated the immunoregulatory effects of magnolol in the MOC1-bearing model using flow cytometry.
At high doses, magnolol significantly reduced tumor volume (p<0.0001 for comparisons between treated with magnolol and untreated groups) and weight loss by 70% in vivo. It also induced caspase-dependent apoptosis, evidenced by 2.42-, 2-, and 2.2-fold increases in the expression of caspase-3, -8, and -9, respectively, in mouse tumors treated with high 60 mg/kg of magnolol compared to untreated (p<0.0001 for all comparisons). Magnolol demonstrated no toxicity, maintaining body weight and normal biochemical parameters, including liver and kidney function. Pathological evaluations showed no adverse effects on organs in all treatment groups. Moreover, high doses of magnolol enhanced natural killer cells (by 3%), dendritic cells (20-25%), and cytotoxic T cells (20-40%) while reducing myeloid-derived suppressor cells and regulatory T cells by 1.5 times.
Magnolol demonstrates potential as a therapeutic agent for OSCC, offering antitumor efficacy and immunomodulatory benefits.
Subjects
CD8 T cells
Magnolol
apoptosis
immunosuppressive
oral squamous cell carcinoma
Type
journal article