Identifying Robust Changes of Extreme Precipitation in Japan From Large Ensemble 5-km-Grid Regional Experiments for 4K Warming Scenario
Journal
Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres
Journal Volume
128
Journal Issue
18
Start Page
e2023JD038513
ISSN
2169897X
Date Issued
2023
Author(s)
Kawase, H.
Nosaka, M.
Watanabe, S.I.
Yamamoto, K.
Shimura, T.
Naka, Y.
Okachi, H.
Hoshino, T.
Ito, R.
Sugimoto, S.
Suzuki, C.
Fukui, S.
Takemi, T.
Ishikawa, Y.
Mori, N.
Nakakita, E.
Yamada, T.J.
Murata, A.
Nakaegawa, T.
Takayabu, I.
Abstract
To evaluate the impacts of global warming on local-scale extreme precipitation in Japan, 720-year ensemble dynamical downscaling is conducted by a regional climate model with a 5 km grid spacing. Our dynamical downscaling is based on the large ensemble data set called the database for Policy Decision making for Future climate change (d4PDF). Comparing the historical and 4K warming climates, the annual maximum daily and hourly precipitation are enhanced over Japan due to global warming. The increasing rate of annual maximum daily precipitation is larger over the coast of the Pacific Ocean in eastern and western Japan and the northern parts of Japan. The periods in which the extreme daily precipitation increases in each region depend on the movement of the Baiu front and the number of typhoons from June through September. The 50-year return value of the maximum 24-hr land precipitation within 500 km of the typhoon center is 960 mm/24hr in the 5 km experiment. This value is larger by 1.87 times than that of the 20 km experiment. The rate of future increase in the 50-year return value related to typhoons is 1.30 relative to the present values for the 5 km experiments. The local-scale quasi-stationary band-shaped precipitation system, which is called senjo-kousuitai in Japanese, sometimes brings local-scale heavy precipitation to Japan. The senjo-kousuitai is well reproduced in the 5 km experiments and shows increases in frequency and intensity under the 4K warming condition. This study also discusses the application of our 5 km experiments to hydrological fields. © 2023 American Geophysical Union.
Subjects
extreme precipitation
global warming
high-resolution dynamical downscaling
large ensemble experiments
regional climate model
Publisher
John Wiley and Sons Inc
Type
journal article