無人飛行載具應用於地震災害風險評估與災後應變之現況與展望
Other Title
APPLICATION OF UNMANNED AERIAL VEHICLE ON SEISMIC RISK ASSESSMENT AND EMERGENCY RESPONSE
Journal
中國土木水利工程學刊
Journal Volume
27
Journal Issue
3
Start Page
247
End Page
254
ISSN
1015-5856
Date Issued
2015-09
Abstract
台灣處環太平洋地震帶，回顧過去的地震災害，不僅造成生命財產的損失，災害應變處理上亦投入大量經濟與人力成本，加上境內又有數座核能發電廠，地震災害的應變與風險控管至為重要。本文回顧日本福島核災、義大利艾米利亞地震、中國雲南省魯甸大地震發生後，使用無人飛行載具進行災後調查的案例，並從而討論UAV技術在此一領域之優勢，以供台灣震災應變之參考。另一方面，以往UAV技術於震災之應用多以災後調查為主，但此項技術對於災害發生前的準備與風險評估也能有重要貢獻。本文介紹地震風險評估之基本要項，以及UAV技術如何能讓「結構物調查」與「耐震易損性建立」此風險分析兩大要項更有效率的進行，並指出這些風險分析成果在提升地震災後應變效率上的可能應用，對此項技術提供值得發展之方向。
Taiwan, located in the Circum-Pacific belt and with 6 nuclear reactors operating, has a high seismic risk. This paper presents a review of the literature for applications of Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) on post-earthquake investigations for (1) the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear power plant damaged by the 2011 Tohoku earthquake in Japan, (2) a church destroyed during the 2012 Emilia-Romagna Earthquake in North Italy, and (3) a rural village in China seriously hit by a magnitude-6.5 earthquake in 2014. The procedures of seismic risk assessment of structures are briefly introduced. Potential applications of UAV on seismic risk assessment and post-earthquake emergency response are discussed. The utility of UAV may greatly improve the efficiency of those tasks.
Subjects
無人飛行載具
地震風險評估
易損性曲線
震災應變
unmanned aerial vehicle
seismic risk assessment
seismic fragility
emergency response
Type
journal article