A 230-GHz Wideband High-Efficiency Beam-Steering 1 × 2 Phased-Array Signal Source in 40-nm CMOS
Journal
IEEE Microwave and Wireless Technology Letters
Journal Volume
36
Journal Issue
6
Start Page
934
End Page
937
ISSN
2771-9588
2771-957X
Date Issued
2026-04-03
Author(s)
Abstract
This work presents a 230-GHz 1 × 2 phased-array signal source (SS) that integrates a voltage-controlled oscillator (VCO), two 360◦ phase-shifting amplifier-frequency-multiplier chains (AMCs), and two high-resistivity Si dielectric resonator antennas (DRAs). Each AMC comprises a driver amplifier (DA) and a frequency tripler (FT). The DA employs a phase-shifter-embedded impedance-matching network (IMN) that simultaneously provides balun functionality, >120◦ phase shifting, and impedance transformation, effectively reducing power loss and chip area. The FT employs a fundamental voltage-tuning technique to tolerate higher input power without voltage breakdown issues, improving the output power by 2.5 dB. The DRA utilizes a tapered feeding structure to broaden the bandwidth (BW), achieving an antenna gain of 3.9 dBi and a fractional BW of ∼10% at 230 GHz. Fabricated in a 40-nm CMOS process, the proposed SS provides frequency tuning from 215 to 240 GHz, an equivalent isotropically radiated power (EIRP) of 8.5 dBm, and a 60◦ beam-steering range at 225 GHz.
Publisher
Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
Type
journal article