Tetraethylenepentamine (TEPA)-grafted biochar derived from spent mushroom substrate for enhanced arsenic(V) adsorption
Journal
Journal of the Taiwan Institute of Chemical Engineers
Journal Volume
180
Start Page
106503
ISSN
1876-1070
Date Issued
2026-03
Author(s)
Abstract
Background Arsenic in groundwater poses a significant public health threat, necessitating efficient and cost-effective removal methods. This study explores the use of spent mushroom substrate (SMS), an abundant agricultural waste, as a precursor for a high-value biochar. Amine functionalization is a strategic approach to enhance biochar for arsenic removal. We developed a tetraethylenepentamine (TEPA)-functionalized activated biochar (AB-TEPA) derived from SMS for enhanced As(V) removal. Methods Activated biochar (AB) was produced from SMS via carbonization (500°C) and physical activation (800°C, 30 min). TEPA was grafted onto the AB surface via reflux method. Successful TEPA grafting was confirmed by increased nitrogen content (XPS, EDS). Materials were characterized (FESEM, BET, zeta potential), and batch adsorption experiments evaluated As(V) removal efficiency, kinetics, and isotherms. Significant Findings AB-TEPA exhibited significantly enhanced As(V) adsorption performance compared to unmodified AB. AB-TEPA40 showed an impressive adsorption rate of 0.107 mg g−1 min−1 and a maximum adsorption capacity of 34.9 mg g−1, surpassing AB by 2 and 2.3 times, respectively. Enhanced performance is attributed to protonated amine functional groups, creating a positive surface charge facilitating strong electrostatic interaction with arsenic oxyanions. Findings highlight the effectiveness of AB-TEPA for sustainable arsenic remediation utilizing agricultural waste.
Subjects
Activated biochar
Agricultural waste valorization
As(V) adsorption
Spent mushroom substrate
Tetraethylenepentamine-functionalized
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Type
journal article