Hypogonadism among HIV-positive men who have sex with men in Taiwan: Prevalence and associated factors.

Journal
Journal of microbiology, immunology, and infection = Wei mian yu gan ran za zhi
ISSN
1995-9133
Date Issued
2024-05-24
Author(s)
Lin, Kuan-Yu
Lin, Chi-Ying
Liu, Wen-Chun
Wu, Pei-Ying
Chen, Ling-Ya
Chang, Hsi-Yen
Luo, Yu-Zhen
Li, Guei-Chi
Chen, Yi-Ting
DOI
URI
Abstract
Background: Male hypogonadism is not uncommon in people with HIV (PWH), with estimated prevalence ranging from 9% to 16%. Existing data are limited on the serum testosterone levels in PWH in Asian populations. Methods: We enrolled HIV-positive men who have sex with men (MSM) and had been on stable antiretroviral therapy and MSM without HIV between February 2021 and November 2022. Serum free testosterone levels, sex hormone-binding globulins and other associated hormones were measured. Multiple linear regression analysis was performed to assess the association between serum free testosterone levels and clinical variables collected. Results: A total of 447 MSM with HIV and 124 MSM without HIV were enrolled. Compared with MSM without HIV, MSM with HIV had a higher age (median, 41 versus 29.5 years) and prevalence of symptomatic hypogonadism (8.3% versus 1.6%). Among MSM who were aged <35 years, there were no significant differences in the serum free testosterone levels and prevalences of hypogonadism between the two groups. In multiple linear regression analysis, serum free testosterone level significantly decreased with advanced age (a decrease of 1.14 pg/mL per 1-year increase) and a higher body-mass index (BMI) (a decrease of 1.07 pg/mL per 1-kg/m2 increase), but was not associated with HIV serostatus. Conclusion: We found that MSM with HIV had a higher prevalence of symptomatic hypogonadism than MSM without HIV in Taiwan, which could be attributed to age difference. Serum free testosterone levels were negatively correlated with age and BMI, but did not show a significant correlation with HIV serostatus.
Subjects
Antiretroviral therapy
Free testosterone
Men who have sex with men
Pre-exposure prophylaxis
Quality of life
Sex hormone-binding globulins
SDGs

[SDGs]SDG3

Type
journal article

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